Media: Promoting And Protecting Right To Information

Media: Promoting And Protecting Right To Information Opportunity of articulation, unhindered spread of thoughts and prepared access to data are fundamental for the working of a popularity based government. In the event that individuals are ignorant of what's going on in their general public or on the off chance that the activities of the individuals who rule them are covered up, at that point they are kept from taking a critical part in the undertakings of the general public. Access to data not just encourages dynamic interest of the individuals in the vote based administration process, yet additionally advances receptiveness, straightforwardness and responsibility in organization. It is accordingly a significant facilitator of good administration, as it reflects and catches Government exercises and procedures. In a similar light, the privilege of each resident to get to data held by or heavily influenced by open specialists, has been as powerful instrument for introducing great administration. The Indian Parliament established the Freedom of Information Act, 2002, to advance straightforwardness and responsibility in organization. This was thusly revoked and later another demonstration, The Right to Information Act, came into power on 12 October 2005. Under the law the Indian residents are engaged to look for data from a Public Authority, in this manner making the Government and its functionaries progressively responsible and capable. The Act has now been in activity for more than three years and has profited many, including poor people and the oppressed. The numerous arrangements of the Act order a legitimate institutional structure for setting out the down to earth system of right to data for each resident to tie down access to data heavily influenced by open specialists. Investment, rule of law, straightforwardness, responsiveness, value and comprehensiveness, viability, productivity, responsibility, vital vision and agreement direction are the significant attributes of good administration. Straightforwardness alludes to choices being taken transparently and being upheld as indicated by rules and guidelines. It commands that data ought to be openly accessible and legitimately available to the individuals who will be influenced by such choices and their implementation. It additionally implies that enough data is given to all the partners and the media, in effectively justifiable structures to empower their important investment in the dynamic procedures and analysis of the equivalent. Responsibility guarantees that open foundations and functionaries are liable to the individuals and to their institutional partners for example the individuals who will be influenced by its choices or activities. Responsibility can't be upheld without a system of straight forwardness. We examined the variables adding to great administration. In this, it is relevant to make reference to that an immediate relationship exists between right to Information, educated populace and great administration. On one hand great administration targets stopping conflicting government rehearses and building up a responsive State, the Right to Information gives residents the chance of being educated regarding the Governments activities. Open interest in Government, regard for the standard of law, opportunity of articulation and affiliation, straightforwardness and responsibility, authenticity of Government, and so forth, which are the guiding principle of good administration, can be acknowledged just if the privilege to data is actualized in the correct soul. The job of media associations expect extensive significance in understanding the goals of the RTI Act. The media can not just assume a significant job in checking open help conveyance by conjuring arrangements under the RTI Act, however can likewise encourage in producing mindfulness and limit expanding on RTI among the network. Hence the media plays out a significant job in the administration procedure by going about as an extension between the network and open offices. The media can have a genuine effect to the lives of poor and distraught individuals and help being developed by making individuals progressively mindful of their privileges and qualifications and empowering them to approach government projects, plans and advantages. Other than individuals can be made increasingly mindful of policy centered issues which would assist with animating basic reasoning and discussion. This makes pressure for improved government execution, responsibility and quality. The media likewise causes in causing to notice institutional failings defilement, extortion, squander, wastefulness, cronyism, nepotism, maltreatment of intensity and such. It cultivates trade of best practices, information assets, access to better innovation, and to better decisions. A rambling space for residents to discourse with different entertainers in the administration procedure is additionally given by the media. Strengthening, social mindfulness activity and great administration are the three key regions through which the media can have a noteworthy effect on improvement and neediness decrease. Right off the bat, the media offers voice to the requirements and desires of the individuals and gives them access to applicable data. Subsequently, it can't be denied that the media has a positive task to carry out in the strengthening of residents. In the entirety of its differed structures, media has opened up the potential for new types of support. The entrance to data and availability of data has expanded with development of print and electronic media and the Internet. In contemporary occasions, the media is being utilized even by the defenseless and underestimated areas of the general public to make their voices heard. Besides, the media can be successful in protecting opportunity as well as in broadening it. The news media assumes a definitive job in setting up a digressive space for open consu ltations over social issues. The developmental impact of the media on open perspectives, considerations and observations is principal to the procedure of resident commitment in open discourse. Giving a voice to the poor additionally involves giving the needy individuals satisfactory chances to take activities for defeating their issues. The media, through its job in molding open mindfulness and activity, can be a basic factor in encouraging economical turn of events and neediness decrease. In conclusion, a free media is a vital essential for good administration. As a data channel between organizations, government, and the people, the media goes about as a guard dog against government misbehavior, while simultaneously encourages more prominent straightforwardness and responsibility. The media screens open help conveyance and reports on key issues to the general population everywhere, in this manner applying pressure on open specialist co-ops. The media makes the correct system of mot ivations for good administration, by featuring institutional failings to prepare for just as institutional triumphs for replication. It lets individuals voice differing assessments on administration and change, uncovered defilement and acts of neglect and causes fabricate open accord to achieve change. The World Association of Newspapers (WAN), the worldwide association of the universes press has since quite a while ago contended that a free and liberated press is a positive power for quickened and impartial financial turn of events. It held that the transcendence of free and autonomous press goes with monetary development and human turn of events. In nations with free press, human advancement markers, for example, school enrolment, educator student proportion, understudy execution, newborn child mortality, maternal mortality, healthful status of ladies and youngsters and so forth will in general charge superior to nations with limitations on press and opportunity of data. Crafted by the Nobel Laureate, Amartya Sen has even settled a connection between dynamic media and the evasion of calamities like starvations. The job of media as a guard dog of the administration and the corporate division, a transmitter of new thoughts and data, a voice of poor people, a defend against the malt reatment of intensity and disregard of the socially powerless, and a developer of open accord to realize change is inescapable. In any case, the autonomy of the media can be delicate and handily undermined. Plainly to help advancement, the media needs the correct condition as far as opportunities, limits, and governing rules. The Right to Information system gives the media that basic help. Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights received by the United Nations states: Everybody has the option to opportunity of feeling and articulation; this privilege incorporates opportunity to hold assessments without impedance and to look for, get and confer data and thoughts through any media and paying little heed to wildernesses. The above arrangement just emphasizes the way that the broad communications is the most significant vehicle for data, information and correspondence in a popularity based nation. They are inescapable and assume a noteworthy job in molding social orders by giving the open circle of data and discussion that empowers social and social talk, investment and responsibility. Being the most available, practical and across the board wellspring of data and stage for articulation the media assumes a vital job in building a comprehensive Information Society dependent on information force and its conveyance. Anyway to guarantee that the capability of the media is genuinely accomplished advances ought to be taken to secure and broaden media opportunity and freedom, and privileges of access to data by effectively building up the capability of media to give data along a gathering for banter on subjects of open intrigue, social articulation and chance to convey, particularly to poor people and minimized. Fortifying the limit of media ought to be encouraged, to advance and help construct an Information Society by bringing issues to light, diverting common society concerns, discussing arrangements and holding government, private division and common society responsible. A RTI system can empower sound, proof put together and verifiable revealing with respect to key issues of open intrigue. It can empower the media to uncover mal-organization, debasement and wastefulness and to proliferate storie

Statement of Cash Flows

Explanation of Cash Flows Larry D. Abernathy ACC 421/Intermediate Financial Accounting I Richard Burden Statement of Cash Flows The realities contained in a critical position sheet and the benefit and misfortune articulation is associated by the scaffold that is the announcement of incomes. By recording the progression of money and money reciprocals into and out of the organization the announcement of income is a decent pointer of a company’s wellbeing. Therefore, the motivation behind the announcement of income is to reflect in record structure the money adjusts reflected to be determined sheet.The explanation of income has three primary areas and each segment discloses to us a novel thing about the organization. The working segment discloses to us how the organization is producing and utilizing money to help its everyday exercises. In particular, it gives data about the installments for the deals of advances, obligation or value instruments in an exchanging portfolio, the pr emium installment, charge installment, installments to providers for merchandise and ventures, profits on value protections, premium got on advances, receipts got on credits and receipts from offer of products and services.Also the income articulation surveys the capacity of the element to take care of its tabs and meet its commitments. The contributing segment discloses to us how an organization is utilizing its money to develop long haul. On the off chance that you see a great deal of speculations surge, that implies that the organization is putting resources into capital ventures that will continue its income in the long haul. It gives data about the contributing exercises that are utilized with working exercises. The money that goes into the contributing movement of the firm is reveal by the income statement.This incorporates credits made to providers, resources like and, buy. Financing segments discloses to us the value and obligation circumstance of the organization or how a f irm is fund-raising to help its present moment and long haul objectives. In detail the money in financing exercises gives data about the returns from giving offers, from giving present moment or long haul obligation, from capital leases, reimbursement of obligation head, installments made for repurchase of offers and installments of profits. On a very basic level, the motivation behind the income articulation is to advise about the past wellsprings of money to gauge the bility of the substance's capacity to produce a positive income later on. The income proclamation gives data from where the element's money is originating from. Is it originating from activities for the most part or it is originating from different sources. The income articulation additionally gives data about the impact of speculation and financing on the activities of the business. There are three pieces of the money explanation to be specific money from working exercises, contributing exercises and financing activ ities.The income proclamation gives us the initial equalization of money, the measure of money got during the working time frame, the sums paid during the period, the net increment or lessening in real money for the period and the last income balance. While evaluating the money related quality of a business it is imperative to realize the income explanation since it gives a thought if the firm will have the option to pay compensations and other prompt costs. The income articulation likewise gives data if the firm will have the option to reimburse its loan boss. The income articulation likewise educates the loan specialist or expected moneylenders if the organization is monetarily sound.The contractual workers and future representatives can evaluate if the incomes of the organization will have the option to pay them pay rates. While surveying the budgetary quality of a business it is important to know the time, sum and odds of future incomes, the income proclamation gives this data. For evaluating the money related quality of a firm it is imperative to look at the working execution of various organizations, the income articulation permits this examination. Further, it is essential to ass the adjustments in resources, liabilities and value. The income proclamation gives such an opportunity.Most critically, it is important to know the liquidity and money close by of a firm. Basically the income proclamation surveys the money related situation of the organization by showing to a financial specialist how much money streamed into and out of the organization over some undefined time frame and furthermore it accommodates the salary explanation with the accounting report. The bookkeeping suppositions that are utilized for setting up the pay proclamation and the monetary record are contrasted and the hard money earned. No suspicions are made in the planning of the income proclamation, and there are not estimations in the income statement.Finally, by shutting watching th e announcement of income, one can decide the dissolvability of an organization and how fluid it is. Having abundance money is a marker that an organization is fluid and will probably return cash to the partners and is probably going to be in sound monetary condition. On the off chance that an organization is battling, at that point it will have next to no money. It will battle to meet its obligation commitments and may go into liquidation also. References The bookkeeping procedure. (2010). Recovered on December 12, 2012 from http://www. netmba. com/bookkeeping/blade/process

Hung Nguyen Essays - Philosophy, Metaphysics, Existentialists

Hung Nguyen ENGL 20803 Dr. Lacefield Unit 4 The Curious Case of Benjamin Button The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, in view of the 1922 short story of a similar name by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is an American dream movie coordinated by David Fincher in 2008. In the film, Benjamin Button, played by Brad Pitt, is a man who was conceived as an old man yet gets more youthful all through time. His story is described in a New Orleans emergency clinic, where his adoration enthusiasm for an incredible duration, Daisy Fuller, played by Cate Blanchett, is experiencing her last second. Newborn child Benjamin with an unnerving appearance was left by his dad outside of a nursing home, where he was embraced by Ms. Queenie. From that point, he grew up and me t his adoration, Daisy, fo r the first run through, when she visited her grandma. The whole film educates us concerning Benjamin's irregular opposite maturing undertakings, his relationship with Daisy, and the individuals around him, which depict a mind blowing life he has. Through the span of The Curious Case of Benjamin But ton, David Fincher investigates the way of thinking of Sartre's contention with the other, Heidegger's being toward death, and Hamlet's three existential clashes. The Sartre's way of thinking is referenced all through the film in fundamental charact er's life as well as others'. This way of thinking comprises of legitimacy and how we characterize ourselves because of others ( Lacefiel d ) . The principal half of the film rotates arou nd the life of Benjamin, who experienced childhood in an older man appearance however with a spirit of a youth. Despite the fact that the specialist analyze that Benjamin will kick the bucket soon, he figures out how to grow up and carry on with his life , as opposed to everybody's desire. He needs to go out and find the world; yet he can't walk , so he use s braces to support him. At the point when he can walk, he doesn't let his state of being keep him from heading off to the bar, having a wild night, and landing the position of as a mariner. This period has been depicted effectively with the capable acting, make-up, and PC gener ated symbolism (CGI) that speak to the genuineness pe rfectly. Brad Pitt depicts th e mental procedure of how a youngster 's musings stow away underneath that older look, how the kid can't comprehend what's going on with him and endure extraordinary agony, and how Benjam in remains consistent with himself even with others' preference about him. Other than Benjamin, the chief additionally builds up Sartre's way of thinking in other characters' lives. When functioning as a mariner, Benjamin catches wind of the commander's fantasy of b ecoming a craftsman and how his dad offended that youth d ream. The chief at that point uncovers and shows Benjamin hello there s body loaded up with tattoos, present ing that he had sought after his fantasy and turned into a tattoo ar tist. The way of thinking says that T he Other is regularly an obstruction to my legitimacy and we characterize ourselves because of others ( Lacefield ). Since the commander's dad was the obstruction be tween him and his fantasy, it beco me s the inspiration for him to continue following this fantasy. He figures out how to be both a tattoo craftsman and a mariner, so as to characterize and respons e to the other people who he truly I s. Other than Jean-Paul Sartre, Martin Heidegger is likewise a savant whose thoughts regarding passing are investigated in this film. Heidegger says that our mortality is a major part of our reality, and we should perceive the ramifications of our own mortality so as to live most genuinely ( Lacefiel d ) . In The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, Benjamin ha s a period living on the ocean in the World Wa r II, where his boat experiences a submarine of t he adversary. After the battle, he I s one of t he just scarcely any individuals left who are as yet alive. He understands that demise appears t o be normal in war. In his discussion with Ms. Queenie later, his mom recognizes easily the agonies Benjamin has seen . Be that as it may, she likewise observe s the delights in his excursion. Truth be told, the torments that warriors endure in war is frequently the

Free Essays on The First American Industrial Revolution

The First American Industrial Revolution Modern Revolutions happen with the creation of new apparatus that encourages working conditions and thusly will change a nation’s lifestyle. A progression of sub upsets happen and the ultimate result is intense. The principal American Industrial Revolution is the same; it will perpetually modify the United States economy somewhere in the range of 1815 and 1850. An economy once dependent on horticulture will absolutely change and become one dependent on industry and exchange of completed products. Benefit drives everything, so fundamental monetary powers occur and 3 different ways to build benefit show up. So as to expand benefit more purchasers are required, a less expensive approach to create and an approach to make more items are required. Hamilton’s monetary arrangement, just as the Federalist and Republican plans, is effective in creating money for the economy. The benefits are originating from bonds gave to US residents and assessments on imported merchandise that are likewise being made on United States soil in this manner advancing national deals over universal deals. This is the earliest reference point of the first of 4 sub unrests the business transformation. The war of 1812 made the country mindful of a requirement for better streets to ship troops and materials to protect itself. Most U.S. financial specialists went to global markets to contribute. Getting Americans to put resources into America was conceived; this would support the economy and guarantee achievement since exertion would be put in adventures cash is included. Madison, Henry Clay, John Calhoun had the possibility of financial patriotism put resources into America first and this is their arrangement. Foundation another National Bank the principal bank was distinctly to be set up for a long time and after the time slipped by it was rarely reestablished. The advantages were extremely extraordinary to be ignored. Defensive levies were expanded on more things these are burdens on imports that contend with items made in our nation. To give an improved and more secure Nation, entomb... Free Essays on The First American Industrial Revolution Free Essays on The First American Industrial Revolution The First American Industrial Revolution Modern Revolutions happen with the development of new apparatus that encourages working conditions and thus will change a nation’s lifestyle. A progression of sub upsets happen and the ultimate result is exceptional. The main American Industrial Revolution is the same; it will perpetually adjust the United States economy somewhere in the range of 1815 and 1850. An economy once dependent on farming will thoroughly change and become one dependent on industry and exchange of completed merchandise. Benefit drives everything, so essential financial powers occur and 3 different ways to build benefit show up. So as to expand benefit more purchasers are required, a less expensive approach to create and an approach to make more items are required. Hamilton’s monetary arrangement, just as the Federalist and Republican plans, is fruitful in creating money for the economy. The benefits are originating from bonds gave to US residents and charges on imported products that are additionally being made on United States soil along these lines advancing national deals over global deals. This is the earliest reference point of the first of 4 sub upsets the business transformation. The war of 1812 made the country mindful of a requirement for better streets to ship troops and materials to guard itself. Most U.S. financial specialists went to global markets to contribute. Getting Americans to put resources into America was conceived; this would support the economy and guarantee achievement since exertion would be put in adventures cash is included. Madison, Henry Clay, John Calhoun had the possibility of financial patriotism put resources into America first and this is their arrangement. Establishment another National Bank the primary bank was uniquely to be set up for a long time and after the time passed it was rarely recharged. The advantages were unreasonably incredible to be neglected. Defensive taxes were expanded on more things these are burdens on imports that rival items made in our nation. To give an improved and more secure Nation, entomb...

Electoral College (1859 words) Essay Example For Students

Appointive College (1859 words) Essay Appointive CollegeElectoral CollegeThe Electoral College, companion or enemy? The appropriate response behind this inquiry is in the psyches of those that get it. Regardless of whether it be a â€Å"friend† or a â€Å"foe† there will consistently be rival sides and a disputable stanza. Since the political situation of today, the Electoral College is by all accounts the theme in each discussion and the proposal to each paper. The wild want to know reality behind the riddle is blending in the psyches of the individuals in the United States of America. With the 2000 Elections in progress sides are starting to be taken among the individuals. Many contradict the Electoral College in view of the way that accidental voters pick their pioneer and many help it since it was made by the establishing fathers. The two sides are doubtful and not one side is correct. The inquiry is: Can a framework be made to fulfill the two sides of the American open? The establishing fathers made the Electoral College for some reasons. One reason was to give the individuals the option to have a state on who becomes president and another explanation was to give congress the option to pick also. At the hour of the 1787 Constitutional Convention this was a theme that stirred many restricting thoughts and suppositions. They had three options, to permit the open direct races, award congress the option to choose the president or give balloters the benefit of choosing the nations chief. What they were attempting to do was to forestall total force. Since they had their essence of King George’s method of deciding they were anxious about the possibility that that on the off chance that they let one gathering of individuals pick the president, at that point that gathering would pick up an excess of intensity or the president chose would feel excessively incredible. After numerous debates and contradictions the agents at long last arrived at a choice. Thusly, they made a complex â€Å"filtering† process known as the Electoral College. Along these lines both the individuals and congress could choose the president, or if nothing else that was what was expected. The structure of the Electoral College was like that of the Centurial Assembly arrangement of the Roman Republic. â€Å"Under that framework, the grown-up male residents of Rome were separated, as indicated by their riches, into gatherings of 100 (called Centuries). Each gathering of 100 was qualified for make just a single choice either for against proposition submitted to them by the Roman Senate.† as expressed by William C. Kimberling, Deputy Director FEC Office of Election Administration. The Founding Fathers clearly knew whether the Centurial Assembly worked for the Roman Republic since they were all around educated in old history, however would they say they were certain if this old arrangement of decisions worked for their present-everlastingly evolving day? So as to respond to that question they needed to scrutinize it. The Electoral College is comprised of 538 individuals. Every part speaks to a state. The voters are equivalent to the quantity of agents and representatives a state has. For instance if a state has 20 agents and representatives (constantly 2) than it has 22 balloters. Be that as it may, so as to keep up balance between the authoritative and official branches no individual from Congress and representatives of the Federal Government can become voters. On the Tuesday following the principal Monday of November the individuals in each state cast their votes or as it were thrown their voting forms for the gathering record of Electors speaking to their decision for president. The gathering record with the most votes wins that state’s Electors, implying that the presidential ticket with the dominant part casts a ballot in a state wins all the Electors of that state. On the Monday following the second Wednesday of December the Electors meet in their state capitals and cast their votes, one for president and one for VP. Trail of tears Essay Those who are for the Electoral College have their reasons, for example, it adjusts the force between the individuals and the administration, it was begun by the Founding Fathers of the Constitution and it gives equivalent state to the little states so the huge states don’t control the whole political race. Despite the fact that they have sensible perspectives, each reason there is similarly doubtful. For example their contention expressing that the Electoral College adjusts the force between the individuals and the legislature is bogus. How might it balance out the force between the individuals and government if a mainstream vote from the individuals isn't viewed as the finish of a political decision, while the Electors fundamentally control the political decision? It is evident to see that the people’s vote isn't tallied in such a case that it was then all it would take to choose a president would be a well known vote. As I see it there are numerous issues in the current appointive school framework. Initial a president can be chosen regardless of whether it isn't what the individuals need. For example the present races (2000) can absolutely demonstrate my point. Democrat Al Gore won the famous vote with a thin distinction of Republican George W. Bush’s votes. Despite the fact that it was a thin distinction, he won the well known vote regardless. Rather than allowing Gore the administration it appears that the fortunate Bush will be delegated â€Å"king†. How significant is the people groups vote? Another issue is that the balloters that conflict with their assigned vote are not rebuffed. They are holding an obligation and a duty regarding the individuals but then when they baffle and double-cross them they are not rebuffed or even fined. The fate of The United States of America is in the palms of those balloters. â€Å"There’s no avocation for the Electoral Collegeâ€none†, says George C. Edwards III, chief of the Center for Presidential Studies at Texas AM University. â€Å" We have put such a great amount in this country in the standard of 'one individual, one vote’. We’ve extended the establishment to ensure that everybody votes And for someone†regardless of who wins the well known vote†to lawfully take the administration, totally in spite of vote based standards, is extremely difficult to justify.† Many individuals now a days feel the abolishment of the Electoral College ought to be finished. Representative choose Hillary Rodham Clinton called for dispensing with the Electoral College, and surveys show that numerous Americans share her view. Have the surveys appeared as well as so has an administration official, an individual loaded up with information on this protected and legislative subject, that an Electoral College can just do us hurt. Commonly in U.S history has the Electoral College let the American open down, multiple times to be definite has the appointive school casted a ballot somebody in to the administration that was against the well known vote. Lamentably there might be a sixteenth time. Without the Electoral College there wouldn’t be a sixteenth time or any more â€Å"times† whatsoever. All in all I feel the Electoral College ought to be annulled. In addition to the fact that it would ensure a famous vote political race however it would end all the significant disarray and frenzy a â€Å"normal† political decision generally has. â€Å"The American 'democracy’ has existed for more than 200 years, and residents are prepared, as they have been for a considerable length of time, if not hundreds of years, to at long last control their own nation. ENOUGH IS ENOUGH!† (Ben Wildavsky writer of â€Å"School of Hard Knocks†)Government Essays

Math Women Rock

Math Women Rock Happy International Womens Day! Ive talked before about how MIT Women Rock, but lets broaden the pool of rockstars a bit. The Math Prize for Girls is the countrys preëminent math competition for young women in the United States. Over 200 of the top young women mathematicians in the country come together to compete for $49,000 in prize money, including a $25,000 first place prize. PBS recently put together a short documentary on the Math Prize for Girls here: /param /param Watch the full episode. See more Need To Know. Notice anything interesting? That blonde girl giving the keynote address? Yep, thats blogger Kate R. 14, who placed in the top 10 in the competition when she competed in 2009. The next Math Prize for Girls competition will be held here, at MIT, on September 17th 2011! Our office worked hard in order to help bring MPG here, in no small part because math is awesome and math girls are awesome and MPG is awesome and we like to have as much awesome as possible here on campus. Also, congrats Kate on your speech and interview with PBS! I know that somewhere over on East Campus you are blushing red as an apple at the moment! Everybody look at Kate! Shes good at math and owns hardcore!!

Types of Sex Offenders and Recidivism - 3025 Words

Forensic Psychology (Research Paper Sample) Content: Types of Sex Offenders and RecidivismName:University:Course Title:Instructor:Date:Types of Sex Offenders and Recidivism1.0 IntroductionSex crimes are severe and widespread across the world. Most sex offenders ultimately return to their communities after being convicted, and some of them may eventually re-offend. Sex offenders might re-offend following their imprisonment or conviction. This conduct is referred to as recidivism in the criminal justice. Sex crimes and sex offenders provoke a lot of anxiety in the community and the policy makers have established a number of policies to protect the society against sexual victimization (Levenson, Brannon, Fortney Baker, 2007, p.1). In this case, while a number of policies have been passed to deal with sexual offenders, the challenge of sexual offender recidivism is yet to be resolved. Particularly, this is due to the fact that there are various methodological disparities in determining recidivism rates among sexual offend ers. Similarly, the definition of recidivism among sexual offenders is still a controversial issue. Consequently, the various measures aimed at curbing recidivism have not gained much success. With this regard, this research paper seeks to critically examine the types of sexual offenders and recidivism.2.0 Types of Sex OffendersWhile studying recidivism among sex offenders, it is necessary to make a decision on how, and whether to classify sex offenders. In this case, it has been established that some researchers utilize the entire sex offenders group in reporting re-offended patterns. On the contrary, other studies report recidivism by classifying the sexual offenders depending on the type of crime committed. According to the a review conducted by Song Lieb (2000), the most commonly used classification of sexual offenders is the one that separates sexual offenders according to the age preference of their victims. In this case, the two main categories of sexual offenders based on t his classification are the pedophiles and rapists. In this regard, pedophiles refer to the classification of sexual offenders who "rape" or defile children. Most studies classify pedophiles as child molesters. However, some researchers contend that there is a distinct difference between pedophiles and child molesters. For instance, Lanning (2002) argues that there is no uniform definition of the term pedophile. This is a diagnostic term used to refer to individuals with intense, recurrent sexual arousing urges, behaviors or fantasies concerning prepubescent children. In technical terms, pedophilia is regarded to be a psychiatric diagnosis, which could be conducted by qualified psychiatrists or psychologists (Lanning, 2002).In general, the terms pedophile and child molester are commonly used interchangeably by the media and the public in general. This implies that the majority of the people perceives the two terms to be synonymous. However, the terminology pedophilia is increasingly becoming popular among the prosecutors and the law enforcement, particularly, in cybercrime cases. According to Lanning (2002), pedophiles may not necessarily be child molesters. This is because an individual who is suffering from pedophilia may not physically engage in sexual acts with children. However, the pedophilia person can legally engage in the act of simply masturbating and fantasizing (Lanning, 2002). A child molester on the other hand is a person who molests children sexually. A pedophile may be having sexual preferences for the children and fantasize on engaging in sexual intercourse with children, but the person cannot be regarded as a child molester if he/she does not act. Similarly, according to Lanning (2002), "not all child molesters are pedophilesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . This is due to the fact that a person with a sexual preference for adults may decide to engage in sexual intercourse with children for various reasons. These reasons include the desire to hurt the molest ed childà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s loved one, availability or curiosity (Lanning, 2002). Clearly, that person cannot be regarded to be a pedophile because a pedophile is a person who has a sexual preference for children and not adults. Therefore, it is confusing to label all child molesters as pedophiles.On the other hand, other researchers have focused on classifying child sexual abusers into typologies or subgroups. For instance, according to Csom.org (2014) one of the most significant models of classifying persons who abuse children sexually proposes that these sexual offenders fall into two major subtypes: regressed or fixated. Basically, this model was developed to cluster these sexual offenders in accordance with their main sexual motivations and interests. However, the main challenge to this categorization of sexual offenders is that some sexual offenders might not perfectly fall into either category. According to Csom.org (2014), the sexual offenders in the fixated subtype represent pers ons who have their sexual care centered on children. In most cases, such interest among this subtype of sexual offenders might have begun during their adolescence. As a result, these individuals are not likely to engage in sexual intercourse with age-appropriate partners (Csom.org, 2014). In addition, the sexual offenders in this group are often preoccupied with the children and they have a tendency of being emotionally immature. Moreover, these persons tend to establish "relationships" with the children who are more vulnerable, mostly through pre-meditation and extensive grooming (Csom.org, 2014). Nevertheless, this category of sexual offenders has a tendency of targeting male children whom they are not related to. In other words, this fixated topology of sexual offenders could be thought of as pedophiles. Because of their sexual deviance of targeting male victims, these sexual offenders are associated with high risks of recidivism. On the other hand, the fixated group of sexual of fenders entails persons with age-appropriate sexual interests, but may end up ending in sexual intercourse with children. These categories of sexual offenders could be thought of as child molesters.Another category of sexual offenders is referred to as rapists. Just like child sexual abusers, rapists too are categorized into three subtypes. This classification is based on the patterns and characteristics of their acts as well as the various motivations instigating these acts. Again, it is argued that not all sexual offenders could perfectly fit into these subtypes. According to Csom.org (2014), rapists could be categorized into three subtypes, namely, anger rapists, power rapists, and sadistic rapists. With this regard, power rapists refer to the categories of sexual offenders who commit rape as a way of expressing their hostility and anger. Therefore, the motivating factor behind this category of sexual offenders is not sexual gratification, but rather a way of expressing their hos tility and anger. Anger rapists are likely to use significant force and they are both verbally and physically aggressive towards their subjects (Csom.org, 2014). They also like subjecting their victims to humiliating and degrading sexual acts. Most researchers contend that anger rapists are often impulsive and spontaneous instead of carefully planned. On the other hand, the main motivating factor behind power rapists is power. This category of rapists is more interested in controlling or "possessing" their victims and harming them physically. They are often insecure regarding their masculinity and hence they rape as a way of feeling in control, more powerful or strong. However, it is argued that sadistic rapists are a category of rapists that is more dangerous than others. These rapists experience intense sexual arousal during their acts and they can cause physical harm to their victims (Csom.org, 2014). They often enjoy their victimsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ suffering and fear and they could eve n kill them.3.0 Definition of RecidivismRecidivism is among the most primary concepts used in the criminal justice. The term recidivism refers to the relapse of an individual into the criminal behavior, after the person has received sanctions or undergone intervention for the previously committed crime. In this case, recidivism could be measured through the criminal acts that led to the reconviction, re-arrested or return to jail following the release of the prisoner. However, in order to measure recidivism, two conditions must be fulfilled. The first condition is that the person must be convicted of an offense in the criminal justice. Secondly, the individual convicted must have committed one or more crimes before being re-arrested. Therefore, for an individual to truly be convicted of recidivism, he/she must qualify and clarify both parts. According to Gelb (2007), the term recidivism refers to the reconviction, re-arrested or return to prison an individual. However, there have be en arguments on how to determine recidivism among sex offenders. For instance, some researchers contend that recidivism could be defined through subsequent arrest (Csom.org, 2001). In this case, new arrests or charges are used as criteria for determining recidivism. This criterion is often unreliable owing to the fact that many persons are re-arrested but end up not being convicted for various reasons. Thus, using subsequent arrest in defining recidivism of sexual offenders unnecessarily leads to higher recidivism rate.Another criteria used for measuring recidivism among sex offenders is the use of a subsequent conviction (Gelb, 2007). This criterion is more restrictive in that the suspect must be found guilty of the offense in which the person had been convicted of previously to truly fit this definition. Unlike subsequent arrest, this criterion results in lower recidivism rate. In general, more confidence is put in reconviction due to the fact that it en...

The Power of Fear in Things Fall Apart Essays - 1039 Words

The Power of Fear in Things Fall Apart In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the theme of the power of fear is presented throughout the whole book and is mainly expressed in the main character, Okonkwo. Okonkwo strives all of his life to become a stronger, more powerful, and a successful individual. He wants to do this because his father was a slack and lazy person who lived most of his life in debt and had no titles to his name. People often looked at his father as a women figure for the few achievements he redeemed. Okonkwo never wanted to be like his father and it eventually got to the point where he became fearful of becoming like him. Achebe uses the power of fear as a theme of to show how much it can devastate one’s†¦show more content†¦For all of his desire to be strong, Okonkwo is caught up by the constant fear of being perceived as weak. He is afraid of failure and afraid of being considered weak. This fear drives him to do whatever he can to not become a failure like his father which ironically contributes to his death. While Okonkwo was a strong and important figure in his tribe, he had to keep his reputation that way by making some hard decisions. One o f them was when he had to kill Ikemefuna, a young boy from the neighboring tribe. Okonkwo started accepting the decision to kill Ikemefuna because he started to call Okonkwo father. He had to keep his own valor intact and kill the boy to prevent himself from showing any weakness, but deep down, Okonkwo was really upset because of what he did which was ironic, â€Å"’When did you become a shivering old woman, Okonkwo asked himself, you, who are known in all the nine villages for your valor in war? How can a man who has killed five men in battle fall to pieces because he has added a boy to their number? Okonkwo, you have become a woman indeed. (Achebe 65). He continued to roll downhill when the white man comes to try and convert Okonkwo’s tribe. Okonkwo responds by killing one of the messengers that were sent. This cause Okonkwos own tribe to question his actions. â€Å"Okonkwo stood looking at the dead man. He knew that Umuofia would not go to war. He knew because th ey had let the other messengers escape.Show MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart916 Words   |  4 PagesThings Fall Apart It is hard to imagine being invaded and forced to change virtually all of our ways by a foreign nation. Unfortunately for the Ibo society, imperialism was forced upon them. All they could do was sit back and watch as the English changed all aspects of their life. Everything from religion to family life was changed by imperialism. The title, Things Fall Apart, suits the book very well because that is essentially what happened to the Umuofia village. The cultural traditionsRead MoreWork1068 Words   |  5 Pages2013 Things Fall Apart: Character Analysis Research Paper In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the main character Okonkwo has only one tragic flaw; he has raised himself so that looking weak or effeminate is the worst thing to him that he could do. Okonkwo is a model clansman based on his success. However, he is more alienated from his culture based on his lack of respect for it. In this research paper, I’ll walk through a character analysis of Okonkwo. The protagonist of Things FallRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1069 Words   |  5 PagesThings Fall Apart was written by a Nigerian man named Chinua Achebe in 1958, with the intentions of fully exploiting the truth and creating a new perspective about African culture. Seeing as though Achebe lived through the colonization of the Igbo people, he was able to write without stereotyping Africans and European people. Achebe purposefully wrote this novel in English instead of Igbo language because he wanted the perspective shared across Europe to defeat previously construed beliefs of theRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1538 Words   |  7 Pages In Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, Okonkwo, the protagonist, experiences change from the cultural collision caused by the introduction of Western ideas into the Igbo culture. Okonkwo is the personification of the Igbo cultural values and morals, he is a true warrior, hard-working man that raises a surplus of staple foods, and a holder of many Igbo cultural titles showing proof of his dedication and work. Okonkwo is also one of the Egwugwu, an elder of the village that acts as a host for a godRead MoreWhen Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe689 Words   |  3 PagesWhen Things Fall Apart Things Fall Apart was a fictional story that documented the tragic death of the successful and highly respected Okonkwo, a leader in the Umuofian tribe; and upon further analysis, his death serves as a symbol of a much greater tragedy: the white man’s destruction of an entire culture through a forced societal transformation and conversion into Christianity. However, it is in my opinion that the conversion was a combination of the white man’s imperialistic actions, meshed withRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesChinua Achebe’s novel, Things Fall Apart, explores the complicated journey of the protagonist Okonkwo, an influential clan leader within the Nigerian village of Umuofia, and the struggles he encounters as a result of white colonist infiltration. Prior to the arrival of the colonist forces, Okonkwo is an individual that prides himself on his masculinity and success; living in direct contrast to his father Unoka, a rathe r lazy and cowardice man, as a result of a sense of shame he endures from his father’sRead MoreFences, By And Pulitzer Prize Award Essay977 Words   |  4 PagesMen have to always set rules for their families and ensure that they are always followed and respected. â€Å"Thus,men can be strong (this does not mean only physical strength, but may mean many other things-being firm in taking a position, for example, or being influential by speaking his mind, etc.)†.(Langness) In both stories the male father figure was strict mentally rather than just physical. â€Å"Women who are abused by the men they live with find themselves progressively disenfranchised from theirRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1719 Words   |  7 PagesThings fall apart is a classic novel written around the turn of the century, the novel focuses on the protagonist who we can also call a hero, Okonkwo. Okonkwo is a wealthy and respected leader within the Igbo tribe of Umuofia in eastern N igeria. Strong individual with a passionate belief in all the values and traditions of his people. Chinua Achebe presents Okonkwo as a particular kind of tragic protagonist, a great man who carries the fate of his people. Okonkwo is a man who is inflexible andRead MoreChinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart Essay1736 Words   |  7 PagesThe classic African literary tale Things Fall Apart, written by Chinua Achebe, is a brilliant account of historical African culture and the destruction colonialism can cause upon such cultures. As the reader follows the narrative and complexity of the characters through the novel, a sense of pride, trust, and faith in history emerges. Yet, with the introduction of colonialism the characters must learn to embrace and adapt to a new culture and set of beliefs or face termination from society. TheRead MoreFeminist Literary Analysis in Chinu Acebes Thing Falls Apart670 Words   |  3 PagesFor several decades, females have been victims of sexism, violence and prejudice. Many cultures nationwide still display discrimination against women, especially in the Middle East and African culture. One book in particular Things Fall Apart, by Achebe portrays Igbo Society and examines masculinity from an African perspective. Throughout the novel, women were voiceless and struggled against injustice; which is set in the era of the first wave feminism. As most are aware, this period of history highlights

Segmentation Marketing - 1406 Words

What are the weaknesses of mass marketing, as opposed to segmented marketing? What advantages does a company gain from market segmentation, as opposed to treating the market as single entity? MASS MARKETING:- Mass marketing is a market strategy in which firm or industry treat market with single offer or one strategy. In this marketing term wide range of customers and audience are concentrated. As there is no segmentation and focusing concern so large amount of customers are possibly exposed to the product. For example as audience is focused on radio, television and newspapers in which large and broad audience are targeted by the companies and industries towards their product. Mass marketing is the opposite of segmented marketing as it†¦show more content†¦Researcher has shown that racial similarity, role congruence, labeling intensity of ethnic identification, shared knowledge and ethnic salience all promote positive effects on the targeted market. In market segmented we have seen that their customers and consumers are loyal and strongly affinity to the particular brand or product. As in market segmenting the market is divided into individual markets with similar wants and needs as on the products consumption. Broadly markets can be divided according to a number of general criteria, such as by industry or public versus private. Although there is difference in industrial and consumer market segmentation but both of them have similar objectives. Why segmentation? One of the main reasons for using market segmentation is to help companies to better understand the needs of a specific customer base. Mass marketing assumes that all customers are the same and will respond to the same advertising. By looking at ways in which potential customer groups are different from each other, the marketing message can be better targeted to the needs and wants of those people. Often. Dividing consumers by clearly defined criteria will help the company identify other applications for their products that may not have been obvious before. These revelations often help the company target a larger audience in that same demographic classification, improvingShow MoreRelatedSegmentation And Marketing : Segmentation Essay2969 Words   |  12 PagesQuestion 1 Segmentation means to divide the marketplace into parts or segments which are definable, accessible, actionable and profitable and have a growth potential. In other word it is a technique used to enable a business to better target its products to the right customers by identifying the specific needs and wants of customer groups and then using those insights into providing products and services which meet customer needs. Segmentation is a necessary first step because it is impossible toRead MoreMarketing Segmentation1000 Words   |  4 PagesMarketing segmentation Market segmentation is the process of dividing the market into dissimilar, distinctive groups of people who have similar needs to be satisfied, alike wants and behavior, or might want some products and services. Markets can be divided depending on a number of wide –ranging criteria. They are: geographic (region, county, climate etc.), demographic (age, gender, family size, religion) psychographic (personality, life style, attitude etc.) behavioral (benefit sought, brand loyaltyRead MoreSegmentation and Target Marketing1952 Words   |  8 PagesSegmentation and Target Marketing Andrew Swanson MKT/571 December 21, 2015 Steven Kraus Segmentation and Target Market Paper â€Å"Marketing segmentation and targeting are particularly important for finding customers that are the best match for a business’s products and services† (Suttle, 2014,  ¶ 2) This statement speaks directly to the ideal scenario every company hopes to find; one where it’s strengths as a product and service provider are best matched with theRead MoreMarketing Segmentation for Mcdonalds1753 Words   |  8 Pagesin a time given. As for the marketing-orientation is a more modern way of doing business. The priority of the McDonald’s management is to focus on the customer needs which emphasis to gain marketing information through research, leading to the analysis of markets to identify target market segments in which the organization can best serve their customers. By having identified a target market, the organization then adjusts its organization and formulates a marketing mix of product, price, placeRead MoreMarketing Segmentation of Mothercare1749 Words   |  7 PagesTarget Marketing; Mothercare Target Marketing; Mothercare Hafsa Asaf Hafsa Asaf Table of Contents Summary 2 Marketing 2 Geographic 2 Demographic/ Socioeconomic 2 Psychographic 3 Behavioral 3 Importance of Target Marketing 3 Mothercare 3 Marketing Plan Outline 3 Current Marketing Situation 4 Competitive Situation 4 Marketing Strategy 4 Target Market 4 Basic Need 4 Product 4 Price 4 Sales promotion and Advertisement 4 Distribution: 5 Markey Segmentation of Proposed Product 5 AgeRead MoreSegmentation And Target Marketing Strategy1122 Words   |  5 Pageswho you are. This is where marketing, or more specifically, segmentation and target marketing, take their role in an overall corporate strategy. As all markets are heterogeneous (Baker Hart, 2008, p. 222), attempts to please all of the people all of the time are doomed to fail. In order to effectively use marketing resources to meet a company’s goals, it is often in their best interests to develop a marketing strategy with a basis in segmentation. The market segmentation process involves six stepsRead MoreMarket Segmentation And Marketing Strategies1086 Words   |  5 PagesMarket Segmentation Process The market segmentation process takes into account what consumers are looking for in order to solve a particular problem that they are having or a need that they posses (Best, 2013). Therefore, it is important to first understand â€Å"the various customer needs that drive product consideration and performance† (Best, 2013, p. 157). This means that customers have to be placed into â€Å"needs-based-segments.† In order to do this demographics, usage behaviors and psychographics thatRead MoreMarketing Segmentation of Adidas Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pagesparallel bars. The company revenue for 2009 was listed at â‚ ¬10.38 billion. The market segmentation; targeting and position play an important role in this company. This essay will use the three factors to analyze this company. Market segmentation Market segmentation was to dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs, charactistics or behaviour who might require separate products or marketing mixes, the company will first identifies different way to segment the market andRead MoreMarketing Mix and Market Segmentation1085 Words   |  5 PagesMarket Segmentation And Marketing Mix in Avon Report on the effects of use Marketing Mix and Market Segmentation by the Avon Company Prepared for By 30 November 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. Introduction 3 2. Market Segmentation by Avon 4 3. Marketing Mix by Avon: 5 * Product 5 * Price 5 * Place 5 * Promotion 6 4. Conclusion 7 5. Bibliography 8 Introduction This reportRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Market Segmentation1482 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The main aim of market segmentation is to isolate markets into groups comprised of homogeneous characters and heterogeneous between segments based on a particular set of variables. Marketing practitioners and academics have adopted and implemented the topic of market segmentation with a lot of enthusiasm. The main advantage of this method has been to yield a higher understanding of a given market, advanced technique, and approaches used in forecasting consumer behavior, and enhance

Heroic Black Boy by Richard Wright - 1416 Words

In Richard Wright’s Black Boy, you see not only the transformation of a young boy going into adulthood, but a fascinating story of a hero on a journey to discover his true identity and his part in society. â€Å"Heroism is not about rising to the top, fighting for ones rightful place in society, but rather about making ones society and ones self whole. There is, however, also the notion that the right person can solve even global problems single-handedly. If the right person attempts such a feat, it will usually be successful† (Haberkorn). Wright goes from an ordinary world of struggles with hunger and poverty to a life of unfair treatment due to the color of his skin. This only leads Wright to take on the world with his head held high and†¦show more content†¦During this time period, people of color are looked upon as inferior to Caucasians, and therefore discriminated against. It is very difficult for Wright to find a job since most places would not trust a b lack boy working for them, and the places that do, treat him unfairly compared to his Caucasian co-workers. â€Å"Development requires both an interaction between the person and the environment and the stimulation of significant events that serve to move the individual toward the next stage† (Lawson). Lawson speaks of the people around the hero, not only does the hero play a part in his journey, but so do the people around him. Everyone is meant to either help him or teach him a lesson. â€Å"In mythology, heroes are often helped by magical friends, who tend to appear in the form of guides, teachers, ferry operators, and so forth. A magical friend explains how to get beyond difficult obstacles or provides assurance that the hero will not be harmed† (Osland). For example, Wright works in a factory at one point where a Caucasian co-worker takes credit for his work, and there is nothing he can do because his words were less credible then those of the white mans. This teac hes Wright that there are evil people out there, however, it is not what they do to you but the way you decide to react towards them that shapes who you really are. He also has some friends in a job that discourage him from being curious and asking questions about the segregation andShow MoreRelatedThe Women in Richard Wrights Uncle Tom’s Children Essay1292 Words   |  6 Pagescritics have argued that Richard Wright’s women are â€Å"flat, one dimensional stereotypes, portrayed primarily in terms of their relationship to the male character†. (Quote, p540) However, in Uncle Tom’s Children, Wright resents three very distinct types of female characters who did not fit this description. Wright portrays women as an Avenger, a Sufferer and a Mother figure whose actions propel the stories to their final conclusion. In the story â€Å"Bright and Morning Star† Wright places the protagonistRead MoreRichard Wright s Uncle Tom s Children 1098 Words   |  5 PagesChildren, Richard Wright presents an overwhelming number of collective and individual resistance acts by blacks against the racial violence committed by whites. Blacks face this violence everyday. Therefore, Uncle Tom’s Children can be seen as protest literature. Some of Wright’s characters like the ones in â€Å"Long Black Song† and â€Å"Bright and Morning Star,† which are short stories within Uncle Tom’s Children, overtly combat white violence even if the consequences lead to their death. In â€Å"Long Black Song†Read MoreThe Life Of A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs928 Words   |  4 Pages Furthermore, like other contemporary slave narratives, such as Richard Wright s Black Boy, they trace the narrator s journey from poverty and mental slavery or imprisonment to freedom achieved primarily through an awareness of new choices and options, a determination to overcome societal and self-imposed limitations, and an enthusiasm to assume personal responsibility for transforming one s life. Also like Wright s Black Boy, Linda discovers literacy to be a symbol of freedom, because slavesRead MoreThe Poetry Of Langston Hughes1727 Words   |  7 Pageswas also very involved in the Black Arts Movement, and had works published in â€Å"The Crisis† the official journal of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People the (NAACP). Till his death Hughes continued to be an advocate against racial.injustice through his many works that focused around and celebrated the lives of lower-class black Americans (Bailey). Many of his works’ themes were dedicated to showing the realities and disadvantages.that black Americans lived through in theirRead MoreBlack Naturalism and Toni Morrison: the Journey Away from Self-Love in the Bluest Eye8144 Words   |  33 Pagesnovels are distinctly black and examine distinctly black issues, we must expand or deconstruct the traditional theory of naturalism to deal adequately with the African American experience: a theory I refer to as black naturalism. But before I do this I think it is important to discuss why it is worth our while to dig up naturalism once again to explore not only earlier black novels but contemporary works as well. In Max s stirring defense of Bigger Thomas in Richard Wright s Native Son, he warnsRead More African American Culture through Oral Tradition Essays3405 Words   |  14 Pagesabout legendary heroes, heroic deeds, magic, and witches. In time these stories took the form of parables, being used as a teaching tool to convey ideals and morals and cultural values from one generation to another. Instead of destroying oral tradition, slavery enhanced it. Slaves would take the old stories and create new ones which incorporated aspects of their life, as well as the Christian religion into which they had been converted. This aspect is still seen in Black churches and music todayRead MoreAfrican American Culture in a Modern American Dominant Sociology2841 Words   |  12 Pageselements have been passed from generation to generation through storytelling. The folktales provided African Americans the opportunity to inspire and educate one another. Examples of African American folktales include trickster tales of Brer Rabbit and heroic tales such as that of John Henry. The Uncle Remus stories by Joel Chandler Harris helped to bring African-American folk tales into mainstream adoption. Harris did not appreciate the complexity o f the stories nor their potential for a lasting impactRead MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 PagesRock and Roll†) .......................................................................................... 11 Ernest Hemingway (Troubled, brilliant author and war reporter) ............................................................ 13 Frank Lloyd Wright (America’s legendary architect) .............................................................................. 15 Napoleon Hill and Think and Grow Rich (The Original Self-Help Book) ............................................... 17 Vincent vanRead MoreBattle of Britain Essay4211 Words   |  17 Pagesknow any of the characters. I liked the fight scenes, but otherwise I did not enjoy this movie. Mrs. Miniver Director: William Wyler Screenwriter: George Froeschel and James Hilton Film Genre: Drama/War Cast: Greer Carson, Richard Ney, Teresa Wright, Walter Pidgeon This was another movie that dealt with the Battle of Britain. It followed the life of the Miniver family during the days leading up to and after the Battle of Britain during World War II. This family was a pretty wellRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesof Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution

The Evolution Of Management Studies - 1116 Words

The evolution in management studies has grown significantly due to the appearance of the information technologies. In contrast, the classic management practices became less effective in many organisations. Historically, the industrial revolution generated most of the managerial principles. For instance, the financial department concern about the return on investment, while the marketing department focuses in the marginal profit and market shares. The strategic division pursue a competitive positioning and profitability, whereas the human resource department concern about the employees motivation, rewards and performance. It could be argue that management is the foundation of organization success by which means if the overall activities†¦show more content†¦In either context the needs for sound decisions are at the key determinant for an organisation’s strategic success. The uncertainties in today’s business environment undermine various reasons represented in the social complexities and market requirements. In that sense, firms are required to review their strategies frequently in order to ensure competitive positioning among rivals as well to leverage its products and services. Indeed, the uncertainty generates critical problems and the firm require finding solutions in line with the obstacles. At the extreme level, the evolution in scientific management provides wide range of models to solve problems and help manager to make quantitative decisions. For example, management sciences tools can be used in solving problems related to transportation costs and demand predictability. Consequently, at the external level the manager would expect to make strategic decision in accordance with the various businesses issues. Internally, operation managers are responsible to make the best possible solutions to ensure cost effectiveness. Thus, the practice of management extended further to include the scientific management to enhance the managerial de cision making processes. Another second challenge in relation to the role of modern management is that the climate change in business environment is constantly

The Construction of Self-Ownership Through Reflective Surfaces Free Essays

None of us have ever really truly saw our faces. We saw ourselves through mirrors and reflective surfaces, which posses a primordial role for viewing the self. But what if the mirrors we are using everyday are lying to us? Ourselves experiencing our own body is very different than imagining our body or seeing it in front of a mirror or experiencing ourselves looking out of our eyes. We will write a custom essay sample on The Construction of Self-Ownership Through Reflective Surfaces or any similar topic only for you Order Now We are likely to experience our body as something apart from ourselves, something we have to look upon. The body seems to be more of a an external instrument for who you are than who you are. Our body is a tool where we can inhabit who we really are. Our minds fool themselves believing that this tool is who we really are, but the body is only an interim transporter for the consciousness that is looking throw our own your eyes. Our minds bear off from the truth through the our own constructions of our inner image, which is made by mirrors or other reflective surfaces. In the absence of them, we might would not know what we look like. We would just experience our persona and the environment without a full awareness of our external physical image. Our mind would still build other self-images, maybe even a made-up picture of ourselves based on how people react to us, but it would be much arduous to identify with an image that was not constantly being reinforced by mirrors. How we perceive and think about ourselves is the self-concept. Being aware of it is having a concept of ourselves, a feeling of being disconnected and divergent from others. Corporal self-consciousness refers to the awareness of the interaction of our body in space with other objects. The occurrence of seeing ourselves with a third-person point of view threw reflective surfaces or mirrors. How see ourselves through a mirror influences the representations we have of ourselves compared with an accurate third-person point of view. Mirrors are fundamental instruments for understanding and reviewing the self. Mirror reflections of one’s constitution can be identified the near person’s body space, which empowers overhauling of our bodies representations. We use mirrors for visual references and navigations of complex actions and to acknowledge ourselves. We can intuitively perceive how a mirror’s reflections relate to our real bodies when we are situated facing one. Viewing the self in a mirror of a reflective surface involves a spatial transformation process over and above pure recognition of oneself in pictures and images. We use mirrors for visual references and navigations of complex actions and to acknowledge ourselves. We can intuitively perceive how a mirror’s reflections relate to our real bodies when we are situated facing one. A spatial transformation is affecting by watching ourselves in a mirror or reflective surface, differing from the process of the recognition of the self through photographs. Mirrors poses the power to steal our peace. Some people want to feel good about themselves but what they see on a piece of metal devastates them. A lot of us can probably recall hearing someone describing themselves with a list of negative adjectives and the next step they they take is standing in front of a piece of metal and in their eyes their lives are ruined. Did this person ever saw their face with their naked eye? No. This implies that we, human beings, let myths and hypothesis dictates our lives. It is a lie that we are telling to ourselves. A piece of a metal that is a human invention and has the power to give you pain or satisfaction, amongst other positive or negative feelings. It can maybe be considered that this artefact is one of the ultimate methods of self-imposed distress due to the fact that it plays with the ones unconscious and conscious fears. As Jorge L. Borges wrote in the first paragraph of his poem â€Å"Los Espejos† (The Mirrors): â€Å"I, who have felt the horror of mirrors Not only in front of the impenetrable crystal Where there ends and begins, uninhabitable, An impossible space of reflections† The visual material from a mirror’s reflection of our body is directed back to the body itself in front of the mirror. During the mirror complete body illusion we do not experience a referral of touch towards the location of the observed image or feel as though we are filling the place in the same spatial position as the image that we see. Instead, due to our inherent knowledge of the mirror’s transformations, the visual content from the mirror reflection is interpreted back to our own body. The global experience of the complete body illusion is thought to comprise of diverse components. These components include referral of touch, the feeling that the touch one feels are the same as those one sees, as well as explicit feelings of ownership. The mirror surrenders us to a extracorporeal experience. The sensation of the projected out of the body and the allowance of seeing one’s own body from the point of view of an external observer or even be able to project other places. There is a confrontation to an encounter that can be claimed to be experienced as a separation or unfolding of of the body. Reflective surfaces and mirrors help us to have a relationship and connect with the person we really are as a whole being. We don’t see ourselves as someone but as an image of ourselves. We construct a subjective trace of our portraits, maybe this is the challenge we must phase. How to cite The Construction of Self-Ownership Through Reflective Surfaces, Papers

Audit Plan and Organizational Strategy †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Audit Plan and Organizational Strategy. Answer: Rich picture of the Relationship between the Knowledge Audit plan and Organizational Strategy: Synopsis: Knowledge audit is the process of assessment of the information imparted by the person or process. It also evaluates the organizational strategy. Auditing of knowledge gives the organizational head the list of requirements that would be needed for obtaining better results and also enhances the skills of the employees (Oerlemans, Knoben and Pretorius 2013). Knowledge auditing has a direct relationship with organizational strategy. Auditing of the knowledge plan provides clear perception of the level of understanding of the employees and additionally it also brought in the concept of knowledge inventory which would prove to be beneficial for the employees as well as the organization in the long run (Jones and Sallis 2013). Critique: The article is written by the authors is a lucid language and the content is discussed in a simple and approachable way. The authors have clearly mentioned the advantages of knowledge audit plan and how those plans can affect the organizational strategies. Reflection: The authors have clearly explained the purpose and plan of the knowledge auditing process which gave me a clear perception of the need of knowledge auditing. Auditing of knowledge is basically performed to identify the knowledge needed by the organization so as to reach the goal and also enhance the performance of the employees. They also provided a clear explanation of the process of knowledge auditing. I also understood that the company needs to analyze what the company should know and what the company knows. If there is a mismatch between these criterias then the company evaluates some conditions such as: what the company can do to enhance the knowledge and what the strategies that the company should follow. Thus, I understood that there is a clear relationship between knowledge auditing and organizational strategy. It also enabled me to analyse the knowledge flows within the organization so as to assess people and the business process. Thus, the articles gave a clear perception o n how the auditing of knowledge can lead to the development of the organization as well as that it provides various benefits to the organization as well. The article also helped me to analyse the knowledge flows within the organization so as to assess people and the business process. It also brought to my information that a knowledge inventory would prove to be beneficial for the employees and also for the organization in the long run. References: Jones, G. and Sallis, E., 2013.Knowledge management in education: Enhancing learning education. Routledge. Oerlemans, L.A., Knoben, J. and Pretorius, M.W., 2013. Alliance portfolio diversity, radical and incremental innovation: The moderating role of technology management.Technovation,33(6-7), pp.234-246.

Transgender People Ice Users In Australia â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Transgender People Ice Users In Australia? Answer: Introduction Marginalization refers to alienation of people, group or an aspect to an edge of others or positioning it at a lower position. Australia as a continent is not exempted from marginalization where a section of its citizens are live on the periphery of society as their access to various resources and/or opportunities is limited severely hindering them from full participation in their social lives in a decent way. Transgender people form part of the marginalized groups in Australia. Transgender incorporates different identities based on gender identity rather than sex which are the biological description of people based on their gonadal features (Ho Mussap, 2016). Transgender people includes people who live fully as one gender, those who change from one gender to another, those who have undertaken gender reassignment procedures including hormones and surgery. On the other hand, ice users include people who use the most potent crystalline form of methamphetamine a stimulant drug (Darke e t al, 2017). Statistics from Australias National drug and Alcohol Research Centre indicates that that ice-use rate is increasing in young people. The consumption of this illicit drug in Australia has been of concern due to the adverse effects of methamphetamine on the users (Degenhardt et al, 2016). Marginalization pushes the transgender and the ice users to the margin of the society economically, politically, culturally and socially following their exclusion. Their orientation also limits them from taking part in a number of reproductive health programs. It deters their health seeking behavior and, they are even reported to have more cases of depression and anxiety as compared to the normal public. Therefore, our focus will be on the effects of social stigma on the transgender and ice users. Besides, social inclusion and human rights of these marginalized groups will be addressed and the contributing government policies. Effects of social Stigma on Health Historical Aspects Transgender people live on the margin of the society facing homophobic prejudice and stigma as compared to the other heterosexual people. The psychological distress they face results to depression, anxiety, grief and loss, self-harming and self-injury (Ho Mussap, 2016). Chronic social distress has led to the increasing suicidal thoughts and is associated with poor mental health. However, the notion that transgender is a mental illness as described by World Health Organization will soon be changed in the proposed act of the International Classification of diseases (Miles-Johnson, 2015). In addition the sidelining of transgender people has affected their accessibility to health care services. They face exclusion, violence and poor health due to the inability to access appropriate health care needed for their transition including qualified personnel in transgender related cases (Rahn, 2015). The Australian Government Guidelines on the Recognition of Sex and Gender stipulates that there is need for medical services regardless of the recorded gender thus guarding transgender people from health exclusion. Social stigma against the transgender persons as well as other members of LGBT is linked to the historical background of non-tolerance to cases of homosexuality and related behaviors in Australia. Since colonialism, Australian institutions including religious places and schools required gender identity which also implied ones sexual orientation and this forced transgender persons to identify themselves as male or female against their will. Later on, transgender persons could only change their sex on their birth certificate after certified medical approval and this has over time made it difficult as people fear coming into the limelight as transgender. Until 2014 was when the Australian Capital Territory approved a change of sex on birth certificates for transgender persons with no medical intervention. The history of public and policy-related harassment to their ga y and lesbian counterparts in different states since colonialism imposes a muted kind of discrimination upon transgender persons and this makes a lot of them to remain secretive on their gender and sexual orientation. Social Inclusion and Human Rights The Sex Discrimination Act was amended to legalize equality and freedom from discrimination of individuals according to gender identity and/or orientation sexually (Ho Mussap, 2016). However transgender people in Australia still experience social exclusion harassment and hostility in places of work, schools and even health care facilities. Policies and practices including procedures for changing identification documents limit their access to justice. Expression of gender identity at an early age has an impact on the individuals since most of them are alienated from their families. Consequently, they lack access to basic needs and education opportunities as a result they suffer mental and psychological distress (Rahn, 2015). The situation is not different for those who express their gender identity later in life since they are subjected to rejection in social service institutions. Research on workplaces, reveals that most transgender people are excluded from meaningful employment inc luding employee motivation through training opportunities and promotions (Miles-Johnson, 2015). These unfavourable environments results to transphobia in transgender people increases the risk of unemployment, cycles of poverty and homelessness. The Yogyakarta Principles are a culmination of inputs from international human rights defenders, activists and advocates and they outline the rights of the transgender people (Ho Mussap, 2016). They are entitled to enjoy universal human rights including nondiscrimination and recognition, individual personal security, rights to move and seek asylum, freedom to self-expression and to associate, among others. Legal and policy reforms play a major role in facilitating social inclusion of the transgender people in economic, social and cultural dimensions. The policies are aimed at providing opportunities for social inclusion in employment opportunities service access and connecting with others (Miles-Johnson, 2015). The main areas for prioritization include employment, emotional, health and social individual wellbeing, awareness, education, interaction with the existing transgender community and inclusive service delivery. In the year 2014, the Australian Capital Territory in defense of the rights of LGBTI persons made it legal for ne to change their sex status on birth certificates without clearance of medical persons. Later in 2016, Australia apologized for the harassment of these groups of persons during the 1978 Mardi Gras demonstration for their rights (Ho Mussap, 2016). In Australia today, schools and religious institutions do not ask for identification of persons based on gender or sexual orientation and this encourages social inclusion while limiting discrimination of transgender persons. Government Policy on Transgender Evaluation Among the main policies that are meant to ensure social inclusion for transgender persons in Australia include the Sex Discrimination Act of 1984 and the Privacy Act of 1988(Rahn, 2015). As envisaged in the official guidelines for recognition of sex and/or gender, the Sex Discrimination Act of 1984 protects all Australians against any discrimination based on gender and/or sexual orientation including intersex status. Under these guidelines ratified by all Australian states by 2013 the Australian Human Rights Commission investigates and conciliates any discrimination and harassment complaints based on gender and/or intersex status. It is also accepted that where people are obliged to lawfully indicate their sexual orientation, they can choose to indicate as female, male or X. Particularly on Australian Privacy Principles set out in the Privacy Act of 1988, institutions that are lawfully given the right to collect personal information on gender and sex status must be done with ones con sent and the information kept private. Where necessary the information should immediately be destroyed once it has been used for the necessary purpose (Miles-Johnson, 2015). Schools and religious settings are prevented from requiring ones gender identity this helps transgender persons to be socially included within the society. Even so, while the guidelines were set out earlier to protect transgender persons, it has been difficult for different territories to ratify the Acts. Today however, these legislations have made it easier for transgender Australians to socially interact with little stigma. Effects of social Stigma on Health Historical Aspects Ice refers to the crystalline form of the illicit drug methamphetamine and is mostly administered through smoking and intravenous injections The public image of the use of the drug leads to alienation of the users based on the social norms and religious practices. Social stigmatization of ice users affects their health seeking behavior. They mostly associate with their fellow users and where they are depressed and psychologically disoriented; they are not able to seek for healthcare attention (Degenhardt et al, 2016). They get more alienated from the normal public due to psychosis and paranoia, which when goes untreated has contributed to mental illnesses among the population of long-term users. Police reports in Victoria and other parts of Australia have linked a number of murders to ice-users. This agrees with the publics association of ice users with violence and justifies their distance from them. The users are likely to be the immediate suspects in cases where crimes are committ ed. The stigma which makes them avoid seeking medical attention when overdosed puts them at risk of death. Studies indicate that Ice contributes to deaths just like heroin, when overdosed. Community members and families living with ice-users are disturbed by the users irritability, depression, anxiety and sleeplessness (Darke et al, 2017). Once they understand that it is an addiction, they take it as normal practice and ignore presenting the users for medical attention. Also understanding that the drug is illegal in Australia, users find it hard to seek for healthcare leading to deterioration of their health including development of mental illnesses and blood-borne disease conditions. Social Inclusion and Human Rights Ice drug users constitute a hidden population due to stigma, discrimination, social exclusion and laws on criminalization (Degenhardt et al, 2016). All human beings have a right to equality, dignity and other rights; however criminalization of drug use makes drug users to be vulnerable to interference and harassment and even imprisonment. However the war on drugs has opened a gap towards discrimination based on colour and social-economic status. The users are exposed to torture and execution in rehabilitation camps and even prisons for example subjection to brutal aversion therapies and others are executed for drug offenses, thus contributing to their increased mortality rates (Darke et al, 2017). They lack healthcare and service provision including lack of harm reduction associated with drug use. Provision of needles and syringes to intravenous drug users helps in preventing disease transmission for example hepatitis and HIV. Besides the ice uses have a right to pain management and medication, though its prohibition has violated the right to it. Consequently the users are separated from their families and they suffer arbitrary interferences with their families. (McKetin et al, 2016). Most of them lose custody of their children. The ice users are stigmatized and are considered to be physically, emotionally and economically unstable to take care of their families. Prohibitions as well as stigma and discrimination contribute to human right violation which promotes social exclusion. Government Policy on Encouraging Social Inclusion for Ice Users The Australian government through the Strategy To Stop The Hurt Caused By Crystal Methamphetamine which was recommended by a report done by the Ministerial Crystal Methamphetamine Taskforce in early February 2017 is the current policy to salvage healthcare for ice-users. This was done as a rapid response to the surge of ice-use and its effects on community health. South Australia state in response allocated $8 million to fund the Ice Action Plan that focuses on several initiatives (Darke et al, 2017). The plan targets priority areas including a reduction in the supply of ice, an increase in treatment for users and provision of family support, and further; develop community-based education and capacity on ice-use effects. Consequently, the policy allocated $3.6 million to increase access to treatment, $0.3m to assist the community-based organizations to manage ice-abuse issues, and $0.3 million to facilitate creation of grass root sporting clubs so as to engage ice-abusers on health i ssues (Darke et al, 2017). More importantly, this policy allocated $0.498million which is currently being used to supporting different employers to respond better to cases of substance abuse within the workplace. Other initiatives according to McKetin et al (2016) include decriminalization of possession of small quantities of ice, diversionary programs with an approach to early intervention and prevention of ice use and drug courts to deal with offenders and drug dependents for example the Drug court of New South Wales (Australasian Psychiatry, 2015). These approaches go hand in hand with the Australian National Drug Strategy 2016-2025 which emphasizes on the need to minimize demand, reduce supply and reduce the harm caused by effects of ice abuse. Conclusion Marginalization relegates some groups to the periphery of the society as a result of largely, policy-based exclusion. It is clear that this hinders access of a part of the society, to resources and platforms for productive potential and opportunities to optimize their potentials. This has adverse effects to communities, states and even the global perspective in terms of poverty, misery and livelihood insecurities. As defined by The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the world should be created to offer equal worth to every individual with respect and value (Miles-Johnson, 2015). In addition growth of human rights law and judgment based on legal standards, state practice and international institutions focus on the human rights full spectrum including among other cultural and/or socio-economic rights. Social inclusion will reduce inequality and further competition over the scarce resources. The collaboration of social inclusion, human rights and government policies plays a vital ro le in reducing social stigma, prejudice and discrimination of marginalized groups. Transgender people and the Ice users constitute groups with a hope of redefining their lives and their role in socio-economic development. References Darke, S., Kaye, S., Duflou, J. (2017). Rates, characteristics and circumstances of methamphetamine-related death in Australia: a national 7-year study.Addiction. Degenhardt, L., Sara, G., McKetin, R., Roxburgh, A., Dobbins, T., Farrell, M. et al. (2016). Crystalline methamphetamine use and methamphetamine-related harms in Australia.Drug And Alcohol Review,36(2), 160-170. Ho, F., Mussap, A. (2016). Transgender Mental Health in Australia: Satisfaction with Practitioners and the Standards of Care.Australian Psychologist,52(3), 209-218. McKetin, R., Degenhardt, L., Hall, W. (2016). Estimating the number of regular and dependent methamphetamine users in Australia, 20022014.The Medical Journal Of Australia,205(9), 426. Miles-Johnson, T. (2015). Policing Diversity: Examining Police Resistance to Training Reforms for Transgender People in Australia.Journal Of Homosexuality,63(1), 103-136. New College policy and advocacy work contributes to addressing methamphetamine-related harms in Australia and New Zealand. (2015).Australasian Psychiatry,23(6), 719-719. Owen-Smith, A., Woodyatt, C., Sineath, R., Hunkeler, E., Barnwell, L., Graham, A. et al. (2016). Perceptions of Barriers to and Facilitators of Participation in Health Research Among Transgender People.Transgender Health,1(1), 187-196. Owen-Smith, A., Woodyatt, C., Sineath, R., Hunkeler, E., Barnwell, L., Graham, A. et al. (2016). Perceptions of Barriers to and Facilitators of Participation in Health Research Among Transgender People.Transgender Health,1(1), 187-196. Quinn, B., Stoov, M., Papanastasiou, C., Dietze, P. (2012). Methamphetamine use in Melbourne, Australia: baseline characteristics of a prospective methamphetamine-using cohort and correlates of methamphetamine dependence.Journal Of Substance Use,18(5), 349-362. Rahn, A. (2015). Female-to-Male (FtM) transgender people's experiences in Australia: a national study.Gender And Education,28(5), 696-698.

Andrew Jackson Essays (268 words) - Andrew Jackson, Rachel Jackson

Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson (1767-1845) Andrew Jackson was born on March 15, 1767, to a family of immigrants in the Waxhaw settlement on the western frontier of South Carolina. Jackson's parents died when he was 14, and was brought up by an uncle who was a slave owner. He became a lawyer at the age of 20 and as a prosecuting attorney in Nashville, Tennessee. He married Rachel Donelson Robards on January 17,1794, whose father was very trusted and well known. This helped Jackson's career and social standing. Jackson and his wife were unaware, however, at the time of their marriage that her divorce from her first husband was not technically over, and his political enemies referred to the couple as adulterers. After helping to draft the Tennessee constitution in 1796, Jackson was elected the state's first congressman, serving one year in the U.S. House of Representatives and then for a year in the U.S. Senate. In 1798 he was appointed judge of the superior court in Tennessee. In 1802 Jackson was elected major general of the Tennessee militia. He became the seventh president of the United States in 1828, and served two successful terms. Jackson left office in 1837. In 1845, Rachel Jackson was insulted by one of Jackson's political enemies. Jackson, being the ?Man of steel? that he was, challenged the man to a duel. Jackson was shot, yet did not fall, he then raised his pistol, and laid out his opponent. His honor was eon, but his life was lost. He died that day, June 8,1848, in Nashville, Tennessee. American History

Jordanians and Palestinians in the West Bank Essay Example

Jordanians and Palestinians in the West Bank Essay Example Jordanians and Palestinians in the West Bank Essay Jordanians and Palestinians in the West Bank Essay This paper contains a discussion of the West Bank settlers paticularly, the Jordanians and Palestinians. The similarities and differences of the two cultures in terms of their practices and ideologies as well as their beliefs were delved into. An analysis on how the two cultures co-exist in the area despite its history of their fight for power over the West Bank is also provided. The paper also discusses on the conquest of the Israeli forces over the area and the effects of their occupation to the Palestinians and Jordan settlers in the West bank as well as their present economy. Jordanians and Palestinians Living the Test of Times at the West Bank West Bank, is a southwestern Asia territory that bound by the Jordan territory in its eatern portion and Israel on its north, south and western portions. It is geographically placed seen on the western bank of the Jordan river. This territory was once part of Palestine but was formally annexed by Jordan in 1950. Jordan ruled the area until 1967 and during its rule, it granted full citizenship to Palestinians who were then living in the area (Encarta online encyclopedia, 2007). The armies of Syria, Egypt and Jordan engaged into a six day war with Israel, in 1967. The Arab armies were defeated and Israel took control of several territories occupied by Syria, Egypt and Jordan and such included the West Bank. In 1988, Jordan ceded to the Palestine Liberation Organization all territorial claims to the West Bank, however, this did not do much because Israel also tried to establish its rule over the area. Israel imposed its laws in the West Bank governing the Palestinians in the process (Encarta online encyclopedia, 2007). The Israeli government introduced various reforms and improvement in the area, however, not all of these reforms benefitted the West Bank inhabitants. The Israeli built roads for their exclusive use only, the Palestinians were prohibited from utilizing it. The Palestinians also tried to establish their claim over the West Bank against the Israeli government. The clash on the establishment of power in the West Bank, led to bloody uprisings. It was only through a peace convention in 2006 that Israeli government agreed to retreat its forces in the area   (Encarta online encyclopedia, 2007). Majority of the population in the West Bank are Palestinian Arabs and 10 percent of the population in the area are Christian Arabs. Agriculture is the primary economic activity of the people because of the lack of more fruitful economic ventures in the area. Most of the job opportunities can be found on neighboring Arab countries like Israel. The currency that are ciculating in the area are the Israeli new sheqel and the Jordanian dinar. The dialects in the West Bank are similar to the Jordanian dialect (Encarta online encyclopedia, 2007). According to a Time magazine article, the Jordanian rule of the West Bank was more palatable for the Palestinians than the rule of the Israelis because they share the same culture. The Israelis were like robbers who took the Palestinian culture away from them. However, this does not mean that the Palestinians accepted the Jordanian rule with open arms. The two groups also had their share of uprisngs in the quest of both parties to retain power over the West Bank area. The Jordanian government invested heavily on the West bank even if this was already under the Israeli control because it had the aim of recovery. The investment made by the Jordan government on the area somehow uplifted the economy in the West Bank, however, this positive standing in the economy did not last long as other wars and uprising ensued thus, crippling the areas available resources (Encarta on line encyclopedia, 2007) The Palestinians in the West Bank are the original settlers of the area. They were the original heirs of the West Bank before it was occupied by various conquerors, among them were the Jordanians and the Israelis (Encarta on line encyclopedia, 2007). Based on culture and practices, the Palestinians and the Jordanians are almost similar. In terms of religion, both are attached to the Muslim faith. Majority of the Palestinians and Jordanians are Sunni Muslim, the largest sect in Islam. Others practice different religions such as Christianity, Jewish and the other Muslim sects (every culture, n.d.). For the Palestinians and the Jordanians, the role of women is basically to produce children and tend the household needs, they are not expected to work beyond the house and perform the duties of a man. Rarely is a woman perceived to be of equal rank as that of a man especially in the olden days. It is only recently that the women are allowed to perform other roles besides the tending the house needs and the children. Many women now are part of the workforce and are even doing mens job. This shift of ideology was not because of cultural influence from the West but because of the dire need for women to take these roles. Life is economically difficult in the West Bank and all efforts must be contributed to find work and provide food for the family (every culture, n.d.). Aside from these similarities, the two cultures also share the same belief in terms of courtship and marriage. They do not adhere to the Western style of dating and courtship. Their beliefs dictate that the man and the woman should have associated with each others families before they should enter into a romantic relationship. Courtship does not mean entering into a simple relationshipit means marriage (every culture, n.d.). Marriage is an important rite of passage for both cultures. They usually celebrate this with a feast catering 200 to 2,000 guests. A similar kind of celebration is also undertaken whenever a child is born, especially if the child is a baby boy. The Joradanian society has a higher regard for boys than girls. The Palestinians share the same ideology (every culture, n.d.). It is also the practice of the Jordanians to build houses that are several stories high; this is in preparation for the marriage of their sons. The sons who marry take their wives to the family home and live on one story of the house. The women take charge of the cooking   as well as the household chores while the men do not contribute any effort to the household works as they are prohibited by their culture from engaging in such activites. The Palestinian men also do not do houesehold chores. They have high regard for gender roles and distinction of the sexes (every culture, n.d.). People from both cultures are also very hospitable. They do not allow their visitors to bring anything, they provide for all the needs and the guests are expected to consume all that they serve. People from both cultures are also very formal and conservative, as compared to the Western people (every culture, n.d.). Most of the Jordanians and Palestinians also have a very good educational background. There is a great number of them who have attended school in universities and finished college degrees. However, those who are in the West Bank do not have very good jobs because there are only a few high paying jobs in the region. Most of the educated serve in   Israel where there is a higher pay offered and in nearby Arab countries which have better economies. These Muslims, however, do not hold high positions in the countries that they work for because the priority are the local inhabitants. Aside from these they are not also given the same salary as to that   of a local employee who hold the same position; they receive a lower salary. This practice can be attributed to the fact that the Israelis look lowly to the inhabitants of the West Bank, which happens to be a part of their conquered state until 2006 (every culture, n.d.). Among the dissimilarities in the culture of the Jordanians and the Palestinians is their heritage. The Jordanians have a country of their own- Jordan whereas the Palestines do not have a territory that they can call their own. The Palestinians are displaced and most of them are refugees in different Arab countries including Jordan. The Palestinian territory in 1947 was divided by the United Nations into two- the Palestinian state and the Jewish state. The Palestinian Arabs who comprised sixty-five percent of the population then did not agree of the partition plan and as a result thereof, a war ensued. The Palestinian Arabs lost in the war   while the Jewish state successfully established Israel in 1948. The Palestinians tried to establish their power in the area but they were not successful. This failure has led to poor stature of the Palestinians in the present day (Encarta online encyclopedia, 2007). The water scarcity in the area also contributes to its poor economic standing, it lacks better resources that could provide for the needs of the people. The various uprisings and the surge for power in the area is also a factor. Instead of concentrating on enriching their economy, the Palestines are busy fighting for their right to rule their land from the Israelis. The Israeli government played hard in giving up the West Bank leadership as compared to the Jordanian government which ceded its interests to the Palestine Liberation Organization. This cession of interests may have been a factor for the co-existence of the Jordanians and Palestinians in the area. Another factor may have been the fact that the Jordan government houses many of the Palestinian refugees in their country and their sharing of similar religious belief and culture. The fact that majority of both cultures adhere to the same Muslim sect is a great factor. They do not have a clash of ideologies as compared to Christians and Jews who have great disparities in their principles and the ideologies that bind them. In addition, the Palestinian culture in the West Bank also have a great influence from the Jordanian culture because of its conquest of the area for nearly seventeen years and the curriculum that the education system in the West Bank region follows   is patterned after the Jordanian curriculum. This type of curriculum may have been a factor in building a smoother relationship between the two cultures because they get to have a deeper understanding of each   others beliefs and background. However, it must be noted that not all those who have Jordanian citizenship in the West Bank are really Jordanians. Many of those who hold such citizenship are Palestinians who have been living in the West Bank before the Palestinian National Administration came to power (Encarta online encyclopedia, 2007). References Microsoft Encarta online encyclopedia (2007). â€Å"West Bank†. Retrieved April 22, 2008, from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761557747/West_Bank.html Microsoft Encarta online encyclopedia (2007). â€Å"Modern Palestine†. Retrieved April 22,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2008, from http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_701844116/Palestine_Modern.html Every Culture (n.d.). â€Å"Jordanians†. Retrieved April 22, 2008, from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   everyculture.com/wc/Japan-to-Mali/Jordanians.html Every Culture (n.d.). â€Å"Palestinians†. Retrieved April 22, 2008, from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   everyculture.com/wc/Germany-to-Jamaica/Palestinians.html Every Culture (n.d.). â€Å"Culture of Palestine, West Bank and Gaza Strip†. Retrieved April 22,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2008, from everyculture.com/No-Sa/Palestine-West-Bank-and-Gaza-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Strip.html Time magazine (1978, June 19). West Bank: The Cruelest Conflict. Retrieved April 22, 2008,   Ã‚   from time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,919757-1,00.html