The Power of Fear in Things Fall Apart Essays - 1039 Words

The Power of Fear in Things Fall Apart In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the theme of the power of fear is presented throughout the whole book and is mainly expressed in the main character, Okonkwo. Okonkwo strives all of his life to become a stronger, more powerful, and a successful individual. He wants to do this because his father was a slack and lazy person who lived most of his life in debt and had no titles to his name. People often looked at his father as a women figure for the few achievements he redeemed. Okonkwo never wanted to be like his father and it eventually got to the point where he became fearful of becoming like him. Achebe uses the power of fear as a theme of to show how much it can devastate one’s†¦show more content†¦For all of his desire to be strong, Okonkwo is caught up by the constant fear of being perceived as weak. He is afraid of failure and afraid of being considered weak. This fear drives him to do whatever he can to not become a failure like his father which ironically contributes to his death. While Okonkwo was a strong and important figure in his tribe, he had to keep his reputation that way by making some hard decisions. One o f them was when he had to kill Ikemefuna, a young boy from the neighboring tribe. Okonkwo started accepting the decision to kill Ikemefuna because he started to call Okonkwo father. He had to keep his own valor intact and kill the boy to prevent himself from showing any weakness, but deep down, Okonkwo was really upset because of what he did which was ironic, â€Å"’When did you become a shivering old woman, Okonkwo asked himself, you, who are known in all the nine villages for your valor in war? How can a man who has killed five men in battle fall to pieces because he has added a boy to their number? Okonkwo, you have become a woman indeed. (Achebe 65). He continued to roll downhill when the white man comes to try and convert Okonkwo’s tribe. Okonkwo responds by killing one of the messengers that were sent. This cause Okonkwos own tribe to question his actions. â€Å"Okonkwo stood looking at the dead man. He knew that Umuofia would not go to war. He knew because th ey had let the other messengers escape.Show MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart916 Words   |  4 PagesThings Fall Apart It is hard to imagine being invaded and forced to change virtually all of our ways by a foreign nation. Unfortunately for the Ibo society, imperialism was forced upon them. All they could do was sit back and watch as the English changed all aspects of their life. Everything from religion to family life was changed by imperialism. The title, Things Fall Apart, suits the book very well because that is essentially what happened to the Umuofia village. The cultural traditionsRead MoreWork1068 Words   |  5 Pages2013 Things Fall Apart: Character Analysis Research Paper In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the main character Okonkwo has only one tragic flaw; he has raised himself so that looking weak or effeminate is the worst thing to him that he could do. Okonkwo is a model clansman based on his success. However, he is more alienated from his culture based on his lack of respect for it. In this research paper, I’ll walk through a character analysis of Okonkwo. The protagonist of Things FallRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1069 Words   |  5 PagesThings Fall Apart was written by a Nigerian man named Chinua Achebe in 1958, with the intentions of fully exploiting the truth and creating a new perspective about African culture. Seeing as though Achebe lived through the colonization of the Igbo people, he was able to write without stereotyping Africans and European people. Achebe purposefully wrote this novel in English instead of Igbo language because he wanted the perspective shared across Europe to defeat previously construed beliefs of theRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1538 Words   |  7 Pages In Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, Okonkwo, the protagonist, experiences change from the cultural collision caused by the introduction of Western ideas into the Igbo culture. Okonkwo is the personification of the Igbo cultural values and morals, he is a true warrior, hard-working man that raises a surplus of staple foods, and a holder of many Igbo cultural titles showing proof of his dedication and work. Okonkwo is also one of the Egwugwu, an elder of the village that acts as a host for a godRead MoreWhen Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe689 Words   |  3 PagesWhen Things Fall Apart Things Fall Apart was a fictional story that documented the tragic death of the successful and highly respected Okonkwo, a leader in the Umuofian tribe; and upon further analysis, his death serves as a symbol of a much greater tragedy: the white man’s destruction of an entire culture through a forced societal transformation and conversion into Christianity. However, it is in my opinion that the conversion was a combination of the white man’s imperialistic actions, meshed withRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesChinua Achebe’s novel, Things Fall Apart, explores the complicated journey of the protagonist Okonkwo, an influential clan leader within the Nigerian village of Umuofia, and the struggles he encounters as a result of white colonist infiltration. Prior to the arrival of the colonist forces, Okonkwo is an individual that prides himself on his masculinity and success; living in direct contrast to his father Unoka, a rathe r lazy and cowardice man, as a result of a sense of shame he endures from his father’sRead MoreFences, By And Pulitzer Prize Award Essay977 Words   |  4 PagesMen have to always set rules for their families and ensure that they are always followed and respected. â€Å"Thus,men can be strong (this does not mean only physical strength, but may mean many other things-being firm in taking a position, for example, or being influential by speaking his mind, etc.)†.(Langness) In both stories the male father figure was strict mentally rather than just physical. â€Å"Women who are abused by the men they live with find themselves progressively disenfranchised from theirRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1719 Words   |  7 PagesThings fall apart is a classic novel written around the turn of the century, the novel focuses on the protagonist who we can also call a hero, Okonkwo. Okonkwo is a wealthy and respected leader within the Igbo tribe of Umuofia in eastern N igeria. Strong individual with a passionate belief in all the values and traditions of his people. Chinua Achebe presents Okonkwo as a particular kind of tragic protagonist, a great man who carries the fate of his people. Okonkwo is a man who is inflexible andRead MoreChinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart Essay1736 Words   |  7 PagesThe classic African literary tale Things Fall Apart, written by Chinua Achebe, is a brilliant account of historical African culture and the destruction colonialism can cause upon such cultures. As the reader follows the narrative and complexity of the characters through the novel, a sense of pride, trust, and faith in history emerges. Yet, with the introduction of colonialism the characters must learn to embrace and adapt to a new culture and set of beliefs or face termination from society. TheRead MoreFeminist Literary Analysis in Chinu Acebes Thing Falls Apart670 Words   |  3 PagesFor several decades, females have been victims of sexism, violence and prejudice. Many cultures nationwide still display discrimination against women, especially in the Middle East and African culture. One book in particular Things Fall Apart, by Achebe portrays Igbo Society and examines masculinity from an African perspective. Throughout the novel, women were voiceless and struggled against injustice; which is set in the era of the first wave feminism. As most are aware, this period of history highlights

Segmentation Marketing - 1406 Words

What are the weaknesses of mass marketing, as opposed to segmented marketing? What advantages does a company gain from market segmentation, as opposed to treating the market as single entity? MASS MARKETING:- Mass marketing is a market strategy in which firm or industry treat market with single offer or one strategy. In this marketing term wide range of customers and audience are concentrated. As there is no segmentation and focusing concern so large amount of customers are possibly exposed to the product. For example as audience is focused on radio, television and newspapers in which large and broad audience are targeted by the companies and industries towards their product. Mass marketing is the opposite of segmented marketing as it†¦show more content†¦Researcher has shown that racial similarity, role congruence, labeling intensity of ethnic identification, shared knowledge and ethnic salience all promote positive effects on the targeted market. In market segmented we have seen that their customers and consumers are loyal and strongly affinity to the particular brand or product. As in market segmenting the market is divided into individual markets with similar wants and needs as on the products consumption. Broadly markets can be divided according to a number of general criteria, such as by industry or public versus private. Although there is difference in industrial and consumer market segmentation but both of them have similar objectives. Why segmentation? One of the main reasons for using market segmentation is to help companies to better understand the needs of a specific customer base. Mass marketing assumes that all customers are the same and will respond to the same advertising. By looking at ways in which potential customer groups are different from each other, the marketing message can be better targeted to the needs and wants of those people. Often. Dividing consumers by clearly defined criteria will help the company identify other applications for their products that may not have been obvious before. These revelations often help the company target a larger audience in that same demographic classification, improvingShow MoreRelatedSegmentation And Marketing : Segmentation Essay2969 Words   |  12 PagesQuestion 1 Segmentation means to divide the marketplace into parts or segments which are definable, accessible, actionable and profitable and have a growth potential. In other word it is a technique used to enable a business to better target its products to the right customers by identifying the specific needs and wants of customer groups and then using those insights into providing products and services which meet customer needs. Segmentation is a necessary first step because it is impossible toRead MoreMarketing Segmentation1000 Words   |  4 PagesMarketing segmentation Market segmentation is the process of dividing the market into dissimilar, distinctive groups of people who have similar needs to be satisfied, alike wants and behavior, or might want some products and services. Markets can be divided depending on a number of wide –ranging criteria. They are: geographic (region, county, climate etc.), demographic (age, gender, family size, religion) psychographic (personality, life style, attitude etc.) behavioral (benefit sought, brand loyaltyRead MoreSegmentation and Target Marketing1952 Words   |  8 PagesSegmentation and Target Marketing Andrew Swanson MKT/571 December 21, 2015 Steven Kraus Segmentation and Target Market Paper â€Å"Marketing segmentation and targeting are particularly important for finding customers that are the best match for a business’s products and services† (Suttle, 2014,  ¶ 2) This statement speaks directly to the ideal scenario every company hopes to find; one where it’s strengths as a product and service provider are best matched with theRead MoreMarketing Segmentation for Mcdonalds1753 Words   |  8 Pagesin a time given. As for the marketing-orientation is a more modern way of doing business. The priority of the McDonald’s management is to focus on the customer needs which emphasis to gain marketing information through research, leading to the analysis of markets to identify target market segments in which the organization can best serve their customers. By having identified a target market, the organization then adjusts its organization and formulates a marketing mix of product, price, placeRead MoreMarketing Segmentation of Mothercare1749 Words   |  7 PagesTarget Marketing; Mothercare Target Marketing; Mothercare Hafsa Asaf Hafsa Asaf Table of Contents Summary 2 Marketing 2 Geographic 2 Demographic/ Socioeconomic 2 Psychographic 3 Behavioral 3 Importance of Target Marketing 3 Mothercare 3 Marketing Plan Outline 3 Current Marketing Situation 4 Competitive Situation 4 Marketing Strategy 4 Target Market 4 Basic Need 4 Product 4 Price 4 Sales promotion and Advertisement 4 Distribution: 5 Markey Segmentation of Proposed Product 5 AgeRead MoreSegmentation And Target Marketing Strategy1122 Words   |  5 Pageswho you are. This is where marketing, or more specifically, segmentation and target marketing, take their role in an overall corporate strategy. As all markets are heterogeneous (Baker Hart, 2008, p. 222), attempts to please all of the people all of the time are doomed to fail. In order to effectively use marketing resources to meet a company’s goals, it is often in their best interests to develop a marketing strategy with a basis in segmentation. The market segmentation process involves six stepsRead MoreMarket Segmentation And Marketing Strategies1086 Words   |  5 PagesMarket Segmentation Process The market segmentation process takes into account what consumers are looking for in order to solve a particular problem that they are having or a need that they posses (Best, 2013). Therefore, it is important to first understand â€Å"the various customer needs that drive product consideration and performance† (Best, 2013, p. 157). This means that customers have to be placed into â€Å"needs-based-segments.† In order to do this demographics, usage behaviors and psychographics thatRead MoreMarketing Segmentation of Adidas Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pagesparallel bars. The company revenue for 2009 was listed at â‚ ¬10.38 billion. The market segmentation; targeting and position play an important role in this company. This essay will use the three factors to analyze this company. Market segmentation Market segmentation was to dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs, charactistics or behaviour who might require separate products or marketing mixes, the company will first identifies different way to segment the market andRead MoreMarketing Mix and Market Segmentation1085 Words   |  5 PagesMarket Segmentation And Marketing Mix in Avon Report on the effects of use Marketing Mix and Market Segmentation by the Avon Company Prepared for By 30 November 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. Introduction 3 2. Market Segmentation by Avon 4 3. Marketing Mix by Avon: 5 * Product 5 * Price 5 * Place 5 * Promotion 6 4. Conclusion 7 5. Bibliography 8 Introduction This reportRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Market Segmentation1482 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The main aim of market segmentation is to isolate markets into groups comprised of homogeneous characters and heterogeneous between segments based on a particular set of variables. Marketing practitioners and academics have adopted and implemented the topic of market segmentation with a lot of enthusiasm. The main advantage of this method has been to yield a higher understanding of a given market, advanced technique, and approaches used in forecasting consumer behavior, and enhance

Heroic Black Boy by Richard Wright - 1416 Words

In Richard Wright’s Black Boy, you see not only the transformation of a young boy going into adulthood, but a fascinating story of a hero on a journey to discover his true identity and his part in society. â€Å"Heroism is not about rising to the top, fighting for ones rightful place in society, but rather about making ones society and ones self whole. There is, however, also the notion that the right person can solve even global problems single-handedly. If the right person attempts such a feat, it will usually be successful† (Haberkorn). Wright goes from an ordinary world of struggles with hunger and poverty to a life of unfair treatment due to the color of his skin. This only leads Wright to take on the world with his head held high and†¦show more content†¦During this time period, people of color are looked upon as inferior to Caucasians, and therefore discriminated against. It is very difficult for Wright to find a job since most places would not trust a b lack boy working for them, and the places that do, treat him unfairly compared to his Caucasian co-workers. â€Å"Development requires both an interaction between the person and the environment and the stimulation of significant events that serve to move the individual toward the next stage† (Lawson). Lawson speaks of the people around the hero, not only does the hero play a part in his journey, but so do the people around him. Everyone is meant to either help him or teach him a lesson. â€Å"In mythology, heroes are often helped by magical friends, who tend to appear in the form of guides, teachers, ferry operators, and so forth. A magical friend explains how to get beyond difficult obstacles or provides assurance that the hero will not be harmed† (Osland). For example, Wright works in a factory at one point where a Caucasian co-worker takes credit for his work, and there is nothing he can do because his words were less credible then those of the white mans. This teac hes Wright that there are evil people out there, however, it is not what they do to you but the way you decide to react towards them that shapes who you really are. He also has some friends in a job that discourage him from being curious and asking questions about the segregation andShow MoreRelatedThe Women in Richard Wrights Uncle Tom’s Children Essay1292 Words   |  6 Pagescritics have argued that Richard Wright’s women are â€Å"flat, one dimensional stereotypes, portrayed primarily in terms of their relationship to the male character†. (Quote, p540) However, in Uncle Tom’s Children, Wright resents three very distinct types of female characters who did not fit this description. Wright portrays women as an Avenger, a Sufferer and a Mother figure whose actions propel the stories to their final conclusion. In the story â€Å"Bright and Morning Star† Wright places the protagonistRead MoreRichard Wright s Uncle Tom s Children 1098 Words   |  5 PagesChildren, Richard Wright presents an overwhelming number of collective and individual resistance acts by blacks against the racial violence committed by whites. Blacks face this violence everyday. Therefore, Uncle Tom’s Children can be seen as protest literature. Some of Wright’s characters like the ones in â€Å"Long Black Song† and â€Å"Bright and Morning Star,† which are short stories within Uncle Tom’s Children, overtly combat white violence even if the consequences lead to their death. In â€Å"Long Black Song†Read MoreThe Life Of A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs928 Words   |  4 Pages Furthermore, like other contemporary slave narratives, such as Richard Wright s Black Boy, they trace the narrator s journey from poverty and mental slavery or imprisonment to freedom achieved primarily through an awareness of new choices and options, a determination to overcome societal and self-imposed limitations, and an enthusiasm to assume personal responsibility for transforming one s life. Also like Wright s Black Boy, Linda discovers literacy to be a symbol of freedom, because slavesRead MoreThe Poetry Of Langston Hughes1727 Words   |  7 Pageswas also very involved in the Black Arts Movement, and had works published in â€Å"The Crisis† the official journal of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People the (NAACP). Till his death Hughes continued to be an advocate against racial.injustice through his many works that focused around and celebrated the lives of lower-class black Americans (Bailey). Many of his works’ themes were dedicated to showing the realities and disadvantages.that black Americans lived through in theirRead MoreBlack Naturalism and Toni Morrison: the Journey Away from Self-Love in the Bluest Eye8144 Words   |  33 Pagesnovels are distinctly black and examine distinctly black issues, we must expand or deconstruct the traditional theory of naturalism to deal adequately with the African American experience: a theory I refer to as black naturalism. But before I do this I think it is important to discuss why it is worth our while to dig up naturalism once again to explore not only earlier black novels but contemporary works as well. In Max s stirring defense of Bigger Thomas in Richard Wright s Native Son, he warnsRead More African American Culture through Oral Tradition Essays3405 Words   |  14 Pagesabout legendary heroes, heroic deeds, magic, and witches. In time these stories took the form of parables, being used as a teaching tool to convey ideals and morals and cultural values from one generation to another. Instead of destroying oral tradition, slavery enhanced it. Slaves would take the old stories and create new ones which incorporated aspects of their life, as well as the Christian religion into which they had been converted. This aspect is still seen in Black churches and music todayRead MoreAfrican American Culture in a Modern American Dominant Sociology2841 Words   |  12 Pageselements have been passed from generation to generation through storytelling. The folktales provided African Americans the opportunity to inspire and educate one another. Examples of African American folktales include trickster tales of Brer Rabbit and heroic tales such as that of John Henry. The Uncle Remus stories by Joel Chandler Harris helped to bring African-American folk tales into mainstream adoption. Harris did not appreciate the complexity o f the stories nor their potential for a lasting impactRead MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 PagesRock and Roll†) .......................................................................................... 11 Ernest Hemingway (Troubled, brilliant author and war reporter) ............................................................ 13 Frank Lloyd Wright (America’s legendary architect) .............................................................................. 15 Napoleon Hill and Think and Grow Rich (The Original Self-Help Book) ............................................... 17 Vincent vanRead MoreBattle of Britain Essay4211 Words   |  17 Pagesknow any of the characters. I liked the fight scenes, but otherwise I did not enjoy this movie. Mrs. Miniver Director: William Wyler Screenwriter: George Froeschel and James Hilton Film Genre: Drama/War Cast: Greer Carson, Richard Ney, Teresa Wright, Walter Pidgeon This was another movie that dealt with the Battle of Britain. It followed the life of the Miniver family during the days leading up to and after the Battle of Britain during World War II. This family was a pretty wellRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesof Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution

The Evolution Of Management Studies - 1116 Words

The evolution in management studies has grown significantly due to the appearance of the information technologies. In contrast, the classic management practices became less effective in many organisations. Historically, the industrial revolution generated most of the managerial principles. For instance, the financial department concern about the return on investment, while the marketing department focuses in the marginal profit and market shares. The strategic division pursue a competitive positioning and profitability, whereas the human resource department concern about the employees motivation, rewards and performance. It could be argue that management is the foundation of organization success by which means if the overall activities†¦show more content†¦In either context the needs for sound decisions are at the key determinant for an organisation’s strategic success. The uncertainties in today’s business environment undermine various reasons represented in the social complexities and market requirements. In that sense, firms are required to review their strategies frequently in order to ensure competitive positioning among rivals as well to leverage its products and services. Indeed, the uncertainty generates critical problems and the firm require finding solutions in line with the obstacles. At the extreme level, the evolution in scientific management provides wide range of models to solve problems and help manager to make quantitative decisions. For example, management sciences tools can be used in solving problems related to transportation costs and demand predictability. Consequently, at the external level the manager would expect to make strategic decision in accordance with the various businesses issues. Internally, operation managers are responsible to make the best possible solutions to ensure cost effectiveness. Thus, the practice of management extended further to include the scientific management to enhance the managerial de cision making processes. Another second challenge in relation to the role of modern management is that the climate change in business environment is constantly

The Construction of Self-Ownership Through Reflective Surfaces Free Essays

None of us have ever really truly saw our faces. We saw ourselves through mirrors and reflective surfaces, which posses a primordial role for viewing the self. But what if the mirrors we are using everyday are lying to us? Ourselves experiencing our own body is very different than imagining our body or seeing it in front of a mirror or experiencing ourselves looking out of our eyes. We will write a custom essay sample on The Construction of Self-Ownership Through Reflective Surfaces or any similar topic only for you Order Now We are likely to experience our body as something apart from ourselves, something we have to look upon. The body seems to be more of a an external instrument for who you are than who you are. Our body is a tool where we can inhabit who we really are. Our minds fool themselves believing that this tool is who we really are, but the body is only an interim transporter for the consciousness that is looking throw our own your eyes. Our minds bear off from the truth through the our own constructions of our inner image, which is made by mirrors or other reflective surfaces. In the absence of them, we might would not know what we look like. We would just experience our persona and the environment without a full awareness of our external physical image. Our mind would still build other self-images, maybe even a made-up picture of ourselves based on how people react to us, but it would be much arduous to identify with an image that was not constantly being reinforced by mirrors. How we perceive and think about ourselves is the self-concept. Being aware of it is having a concept of ourselves, a feeling of being disconnected and divergent from others. Corporal self-consciousness refers to the awareness of the interaction of our body in space with other objects. The occurrence of seeing ourselves with a third-person point of view threw reflective surfaces or mirrors. How see ourselves through a mirror influences the representations we have of ourselves compared with an accurate third-person point of view. Mirrors are fundamental instruments for understanding and reviewing the self. Mirror reflections of one’s constitution can be identified the near person’s body space, which empowers overhauling of our bodies representations. We use mirrors for visual references and navigations of complex actions and to acknowledge ourselves. We can intuitively perceive how a mirror’s reflections relate to our real bodies when we are situated facing one. Viewing the self in a mirror of a reflective surface involves a spatial transformation process over and above pure recognition of oneself in pictures and images. We use mirrors for visual references and navigations of complex actions and to acknowledge ourselves. We can intuitively perceive how a mirror’s reflections relate to our real bodies when we are situated facing one. A spatial transformation is affecting by watching ourselves in a mirror or reflective surface, differing from the process of the recognition of the self through photographs. Mirrors poses the power to steal our peace. Some people want to feel good about themselves but what they see on a piece of metal devastates them. A lot of us can probably recall hearing someone describing themselves with a list of negative adjectives and the next step they they take is standing in front of a piece of metal and in their eyes their lives are ruined. Did this person ever saw their face with their naked eye? No. This implies that we, human beings, let myths and hypothesis dictates our lives. It is a lie that we are telling to ourselves. A piece of a metal that is a human invention and has the power to give you pain or satisfaction, amongst other positive or negative feelings. It can maybe be considered that this artefact is one of the ultimate methods of self-imposed distress due to the fact that it plays with the ones unconscious and conscious fears. As Jorge L. Borges wrote in the first paragraph of his poem â€Å"Los Espejos† (The Mirrors): â€Å"I, who have felt the horror of mirrors Not only in front of the impenetrable crystal Where there ends and begins, uninhabitable, An impossible space of reflections† The visual material from a mirror’s reflection of our body is directed back to the body itself in front of the mirror. During the mirror complete body illusion we do not experience a referral of touch towards the location of the observed image or feel as though we are filling the place in the same spatial position as the image that we see. Instead, due to our inherent knowledge of the mirror’s transformations, the visual content from the mirror reflection is interpreted back to our own body. The global experience of the complete body illusion is thought to comprise of diverse components. These components include referral of touch, the feeling that the touch one feels are the same as those one sees, as well as explicit feelings of ownership. The mirror surrenders us to a extracorporeal experience. The sensation of the projected out of the body and the allowance of seeing one’s own body from the point of view of an external observer or even be able to project other places. There is a confrontation to an encounter that can be claimed to be experienced as a separation or unfolding of of the body. Reflective surfaces and mirrors help us to have a relationship and connect with the person we really are as a whole being. We don’t see ourselves as someone but as an image of ourselves. We construct a subjective trace of our portraits, maybe this is the challenge we must phase. How to cite The Construction of Self-Ownership Through Reflective Surfaces, Papers

Audit Plan and Organizational Strategy †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Audit Plan and Organizational Strategy. Answer: Rich picture of the Relationship between the Knowledge Audit plan and Organizational Strategy: Synopsis: Knowledge audit is the process of assessment of the information imparted by the person or process. It also evaluates the organizational strategy. Auditing of knowledge gives the organizational head the list of requirements that would be needed for obtaining better results and also enhances the skills of the employees (Oerlemans, Knoben and Pretorius 2013). Knowledge auditing has a direct relationship with organizational strategy. Auditing of the knowledge plan provides clear perception of the level of understanding of the employees and additionally it also brought in the concept of knowledge inventory which would prove to be beneficial for the employees as well as the organization in the long run (Jones and Sallis 2013). Critique: The article is written by the authors is a lucid language and the content is discussed in a simple and approachable way. The authors have clearly mentioned the advantages of knowledge audit plan and how those plans can affect the organizational strategies. Reflection: The authors have clearly explained the purpose and plan of the knowledge auditing process which gave me a clear perception of the need of knowledge auditing. Auditing of knowledge is basically performed to identify the knowledge needed by the organization so as to reach the goal and also enhance the performance of the employees. They also provided a clear explanation of the process of knowledge auditing. I also understood that the company needs to analyze what the company should know and what the company knows. If there is a mismatch between these criterias then the company evaluates some conditions such as: what the company can do to enhance the knowledge and what the strategies that the company should follow. Thus, I understood that there is a clear relationship between knowledge auditing and organizational strategy. It also enabled me to analyse the knowledge flows within the organization so as to assess people and the business process. Thus, the articles gave a clear perception o n how the auditing of knowledge can lead to the development of the organization as well as that it provides various benefits to the organization as well. The article also helped me to analyse the knowledge flows within the organization so as to assess people and the business process. It also brought to my information that a knowledge inventory would prove to be beneficial for the employees and also for the organization in the long run. References: Jones, G. and Sallis, E., 2013.Knowledge management in education: Enhancing learning education. Routledge. Oerlemans, L.A., Knoben, J. and Pretorius, M.W., 2013. Alliance portfolio diversity, radical and incremental innovation: The moderating role of technology management.Technovation,33(6-7), pp.234-246.

Transgender People Ice Users In Australia â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Transgender People Ice Users In Australia? Answer: Introduction Marginalization refers to alienation of people, group or an aspect to an edge of others or positioning it at a lower position. Australia as a continent is not exempted from marginalization where a section of its citizens are live on the periphery of society as their access to various resources and/or opportunities is limited severely hindering them from full participation in their social lives in a decent way. Transgender people form part of the marginalized groups in Australia. Transgender incorporates different identities based on gender identity rather than sex which are the biological description of people based on their gonadal features (Ho Mussap, 2016). Transgender people includes people who live fully as one gender, those who change from one gender to another, those who have undertaken gender reassignment procedures including hormones and surgery. On the other hand, ice users include people who use the most potent crystalline form of methamphetamine a stimulant drug (Darke e t al, 2017). Statistics from Australias National drug and Alcohol Research Centre indicates that that ice-use rate is increasing in young people. The consumption of this illicit drug in Australia has been of concern due to the adverse effects of methamphetamine on the users (Degenhardt et al, 2016). Marginalization pushes the transgender and the ice users to the margin of the society economically, politically, culturally and socially following their exclusion. Their orientation also limits them from taking part in a number of reproductive health programs. It deters their health seeking behavior and, they are even reported to have more cases of depression and anxiety as compared to the normal public. Therefore, our focus will be on the effects of social stigma on the transgender and ice users. Besides, social inclusion and human rights of these marginalized groups will be addressed and the contributing government policies. Effects of social Stigma on Health Historical Aspects Transgender people live on the margin of the society facing homophobic prejudice and stigma as compared to the other heterosexual people. The psychological distress they face results to depression, anxiety, grief and loss, self-harming and self-injury (Ho Mussap, 2016). Chronic social distress has led to the increasing suicidal thoughts and is associated with poor mental health. However, the notion that transgender is a mental illness as described by World Health Organization will soon be changed in the proposed act of the International Classification of diseases (Miles-Johnson, 2015). In addition the sidelining of transgender people has affected their accessibility to health care services. They face exclusion, violence and poor health due to the inability to access appropriate health care needed for their transition including qualified personnel in transgender related cases (Rahn, 2015). The Australian Government Guidelines on the Recognition of Sex and Gender stipulates that there is need for medical services regardless of the recorded gender thus guarding transgender people from health exclusion. Social stigma against the transgender persons as well as other members of LGBT is linked to the historical background of non-tolerance to cases of homosexuality and related behaviors in Australia. Since colonialism, Australian institutions including religious places and schools required gender identity which also implied ones sexual orientation and this forced transgender persons to identify themselves as male or female against their will. Later on, transgender persons could only change their sex on their birth certificate after certified medical approval and this has over time made it difficult as people fear coming into the limelight as transgender. Until 2014 was when the Australian Capital Territory approved a change of sex on birth certificates for transgender persons with no medical intervention. The history of public and policy-related harassment to their ga y and lesbian counterparts in different states since colonialism imposes a muted kind of discrimination upon transgender persons and this makes a lot of them to remain secretive on their gender and sexual orientation. Social Inclusion and Human Rights The Sex Discrimination Act was amended to legalize equality and freedom from discrimination of individuals according to gender identity and/or orientation sexually (Ho Mussap, 2016). However transgender people in Australia still experience social exclusion harassment and hostility in places of work, schools and even health care facilities. Policies and practices including procedures for changing identification documents limit their access to justice. Expression of gender identity at an early age has an impact on the individuals since most of them are alienated from their families. Consequently, they lack access to basic needs and education opportunities as a result they suffer mental and psychological distress (Rahn, 2015). The situation is not different for those who express their gender identity later in life since they are subjected to rejection in social service institutions. Research on workplaces, reveals that most transgender people are excluded from meaningful employment inc luding employee motivation through training opportunities and promotions (Miles-Johnson, 2015). These unfavourable environments results to transphobia in transgender people increases the risk of unemployment, cycles of poverty and homelessness. The Yogyakarta Principles are a culmination of inputs from international human rights defenders, activists and advocates and they outline the rights of the transgender people (Ho Mussap, 2016). They are entitled to enjoy universal human rights including nondiscrimination and recognition, individual personal security, rights to move and seek asylum, freedom to self-expression and to associate, among others. Legal and policy reforms play a major role in facilitating social inclusion of the transgender people in economic, social and cultural dimensions. The policies are aimed at providing opportunities for social inclusion in employment opportunities service access and connecting with others (Miles-Johnson, 2015). The main areas for prioritization include employment, emotional, health and social individual wellbeing, awareness, education, interaction with the existing transgender community and inclusive service delivery. In the year 2014, the Australian Capital Territory in defense of the rights of LGBTI persons made it legal for ne to change their sex status on birth certificates without clearance of medical persons. Later in 2016, Australia apologized for the harassment of these groups of persons during the 1978 Mardi Gras demonstration for their rights (Ho Mussap, 2016). In Australia today, schools and religious institutions do not ask for identification of persons based on gender or sexual orientation and this encourages social inclusion while limiting discrimination of transgender persons. Government Policy on Transgender Evaluation Among the main policies that are meant to ensure social inclusion for transgender persons in Australia include the Sex Discrimination Act of 1984 and the Privacy Act of 1988(Rahn, 2015). As envisaged in the official guidelines for recognition of sex and/or gender, the Sex Discrimination Act of 1984 protects all Australians against any discrimination based on gender and/or sexual orientation including intersex status. Under these guidelines ratified by all Australian states by 2013 the Australian Human Rights Commission investigates and conciliates any discrimination and harassment complaints based on gender and/or intersex status. It is also accepted that where people are obliged to lawfully indicate their sexual orientation, they can choose to indicate as female, male or X. Particularly on Australian Privacy Principles set out in the Privacy Act of 1988, institutions that are lawfully given the right to collect personal information on gender and sex status must be done with ones con sent and the information kept private. Where necessary the information should immediately be destroyed once it has been used for the necessary purpose (Miles-Johnson, 2015). Schools and religious settings are prevented from requiring ones gender identity this helps transgender persons to be socially included within the society. Even so, while the guidelines were set out earlier to protect transgender persons, it has been difficult for different territories to ratify the Acts. Today however, these legislations have made it easier for transgender Australians to socially interact with little stigma. Effects of social Stigma on Health Historical Aspects Ice refers to the crystalline form of the illicit drug methamphetamine and is mostly administered through smoking and intravenous injections The public image of the use of the drug leads to alienation of the users based on the social norms and religious practices. Social stigmatization of ice users affects their health seeking behavior. They mostly associate with their fellow users and where they are depressed and psychologically disoriented; they are not able to seek for healthcare attention (Degenhardt et al, 2016). They get more alienated from the normal public due to psychosis and paranoia, which when goes untreated has contributed to mental illnesses among the population of long-term users. Police reports in Victoria and other parts of Australia have linked a number of murders to ice-users. This agrees with the publics association of ice users with violence and justifies their distance from them. The users are likely to be the immediate suspects in cases where crimes are committ ed. The stigma which makes them avoid seeking medical attention when overdosed puts them at risk of death. Studies indicate that Ice contributes to deaths just like heroin, when overdosed. Community members and families living with ice-users are disturbed by the users irritability, depression, anxiety and sleeplessness (Darke et al, 2017). Once they understand that it is an addiction, they take it as normal practice and ignore presenting the users for medical attention. Also understanding that the drug is illegal in Australia, users find it hard to seek for healthcare leading to deterioration of their health including development of mental illnesses and blood-borne disease conditions. Social Inclusion and Human Rights Ice drug users constitute a hidden population due to stigma, discrimination, social exclusion and laws on criminalization (Degenhardt et al, 2016). All human beings have a right to equality, dignity and other rights; however criminalization of drug use makes drug users to be vulnerable to interference and harassment and even imprisonment. However the war on drugs has opened a gap towards discrimination based on colour and social-economic status. The users are exposed to torture and execution in rehabilitation camps and even prisons for example subjection to brutal aversion therapies and others are executed for drug offenses, thus contributing to their increased mortality rates (Darke et al, 2017). They lack healthcare and service provision including lack of harm reduction associated with drug use. Provision of needles and syringes to intravenous drug users helps in preventing disease transmission for example hepatitis and HIV. Besides the ice uses have a right to pain management and medication, though its prohibition has violated the right to it. Consequently the users are separated from their families and they suffer arbitrary interferences with their families. (McKetin et al, 2016). Most of them lose custody of their children. The ice users are stigmatized and are considered to be physically, emotionally and economically unstable to take care of their families. Prohibitions as well as stigma and discrimination contribute to human right violation which promotes social exclusion. Government Policy on Encouraging Social Inclusion for Ice Users The Australian government through the Strategy To Stop The Hurt Caused By Crystal Methamphetamine which was recommended by a report done by the Ministerial Crystal Methamphetamine Taskforce in early February 2017 is the current policy to salvage healthcare for ice-users. This was done as a rapid response to the surge of ice-use and its effects on community health. South Australia state in response allocated $8 million to fund the Ice Action Plan that focuses on several initiatives (Darke et al, 2017). The plan targets priority areas including a reduction in the supply of ice, an increase in treatment for users and provision of family support, and further; develop community-based education and capacity on ice-use effects. Consequently, the policy allocated $3.6 million to increase access to treatment, $0.3m to assist the community-based organizations to manage ice-abuse issues, and $0.3 million to facilitate creation of grass root sporting clubs so as to engage ice-abusers on health i ssues (Darke et al, 2017). More importantly, this policy allocated $0.498million which is currently being used to supporting different employers to respond better to cases of substance abuse within the workplace. Other initiatives according to McKetin et al (2016) include decriminalization of possession of small quantities of ice, diversionary programs with an approach to early intervention and prevention of ice use and drug courts to deal with offenders and drug dependents for example the Drug court of New South Wales (Australasian Psychiatry, 2015). These approaches go hand in hand with the Australian National Drug Strategy 2016-2025 which emphasizes on the need to minimize demand, reduce supply and reduce the harm caused by effects of ice abuse. Conclusion Marginalization relegates some groups to the periphery of the society as a result of largely, policy-based exclusion. It is clear that this hinders access of a part of the society, to resources and platforms for productive potential and opportunities to optimize their potentials. This has adverse effects to communities, states and even the global perspective in terms of poverty, misery and livelihood insecurities. As defined by The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the world should be created to offer equal worth to every individual with respect and value (Miles-Johnson, 2015). In addition growth of human rights law and judgment based on legal standards, state practice and international institutions focus on the human rights full spectrum including among other cultural and/or socio-economic rights. Social inclusion will reduce inequality and further competition over the scarce resources. The collaboration of social inclusion, human rights and government policies plays a vital ro le in reducing social stigma, prejudice and discrimination of marginalized groups. Transgender people and the Ice users constitute groups with a hope of redefining their lives and their role in socio-economic development. References Darke, S., Kaye, S., Duflou, J. (2017). Rates, characteristics and circumstances of methamphetamine-related death in Australia: a national 7-year study.Addiction. 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